JRG Journal of Academic Studies

Criminal remission through reading: a systematic literature review

2024-05-15T19:42:52+02:00

The present study is the result of a Course Completion Work, a partial requirement for obtaining a Bachelor's degree in Law from the State University of Tocantins, Câmpus Paraíso. The objective of the study was to carry out a literature review on criminal remission through reading within the scope of the Brazilian Penitentiary and Prison System. Redemption through reading is a powerful instrument for the social reintegration of people deprived of their liberty - PPL. Thus, the work is justified by the importance of surveying literature to direct and develop more effective public policies in criminal execution. The methodology used was literature review, which identifies, selects and critically evaluates research considered relevant to provide theoretical-practical support for the classification and analysis of relevant studies on the topic. The data were collected electronically, available in the online Scientific Electronic Library (Scielo) and Google Scholar databases, from 2020 to 2023. To carry out this work, a bibliographic survey was carried out (2020 and 2023). It was concluded that redemption through reading represents a significant advance in the social reintegration of PPLs given the range of opportunities for reading life beyond prison and, especially, the reduction in criminal recidivism rates. However, it is important to highlight that there are still challenges to be overcome, such as the lack of investment in re-education and social reintegration projects, the scarcity of resources and materials available in prisons and the need for greater government engagement in promoting initiatives that really aim at the reintegration of individuals and the reduction of crime.

Association Between Nutritional Risk and Postoperative Complications in Head and Neck Cancer Surgical Patients in a Tertiary Public Hospital in the Distrito Federal

2024-05-07T04:39:03+02:00

Introduction: Head and neck cancer affects the nasopharynx, hypopharynx, oropharynx, larynx and oral/ nasal cavity. It is known that the disease itself and the anticancer treatment can influence the appearance of gastrointestinal symptoms, weight loss and low food intake that contribute to the development of malnutrition. It is known that in surgical patients, there is a high risk of complications in the postoperative period, and that a good nutritional status interferes with fewer complications, better quality of life and shorter hospital stay. Nutritional screening in surgical patients is used to detect nutritional risk, with the purpose of identifying medium and high nutritional status and performing nutritional management according to the individual's needs. Objectives: To associate nutritional risk and postoperative complications in patients with head and neck cancer at a Public Tertiary Hospital in the Federal District. Methods: This is a descriptive retrospective study with patients admitted to undergo surgery from January 2019 to December 2020, with a diagnosis of head and neck cancer. Data were collected from computerized medical records (TrakCare and Soul MV). Nutritional status was analyzed through nutritional screening by Nutritional Risk Screening (NRS-2002) performed during admission. Results: The study included 68 individuals, males (79%) and elderly (59%) being the most prevalent. Approximately 51% of patients had weight loss, with 50% classified as medium risk and 4% as high risk. It was observed that half of the patients developed complications after surgery, fistulas being the most prevalent, about 61% of patients who presented some type of postoperative complication were classified at nutritional risk by the NRS-2002, but there was no significance statistic. Conclusion: The results achieved through this study reinforce the need for further studies on nutritional status and postoperative complications in head and neck cancer patients.

Epidemiological study of measles vaccination coverage in children under 1 year of age after the Covid-19 pandemic in Brazil and its correlation with the resurgence of measles cases

2024-05-10T22:10:12+02:00

Introduction: The resurgence of measles in Brazil has been a significant concern in public health, especially after the COVID-19 pandemic. The decline in vaccination coverage and the spread of misinformation have contributed to the increase in cases of the disease, highlighting the need to understand the relationship between vaccination coverage and the resurgence of measles. General Objective: To analyze measles vaccination coverage among children under 1 year of age post-COVID-19 pandemic in Brazil and its correlation with the resurgence of measles cases. Methodology: This is an epidemiological, descriptive, retrospective study with a quantitative approach. Results and discussion: The data revealed a reduction in measles vaccination coverage over the years studied, with an increase in cases of the disease, especially between 2019 and 2020, a fact that correlated with the pandemic context, where there was a drop in vaccination coverage in several regions of Brazil. The spread of misinformation, distrust of measles vaccines and disruptions in health services during the COVID-19 pandemic were also influential factors in the drop in vaccination coverage. Conclusion: Therefore, there is an urgent need to promote vaccination as a public health measure to prevent measles outbreaks. Coordinated actions are necessary to improve vaccination coverage, combat misinformation, and strengthen health systems, aiming to protect the population against measles and other diseases. These measures are essential to ensure the health and well-being of all Brazilian citizens.

Physiotherapy in patients with rheumatoid arthritis

2024-05-15T21:22:05+02:00

Introduction: Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) is an autoimmune disease that causes inflammation and irreversible damage to the joints, also affecting organs such as the heart, lungs, eyes and nervous system, resulting in low quality of life and functional disability. Early detection of rheumatoid arthritis, combined with scientific and technological advances, allows for more effective treatments, controlling symptoms in the early stages and preventing joint damage. This involves pharmacological and non-pharmacological care to achieve remission or low disease activity, improving patients' quality of life. Objective: to review the literature on physical therapy treatments for rheumatoid arthritis, highlighting interventions with superior results. Methodology: This is a bibliographical review, where the search was carried out on websites, books and articles in the main databases, namely the Physiotherapy Evidence Database (PeDro), National Library of Medicine (PubMed), Scientific Electronic Library Online (SciELO ) with studies published in English and Portuguese between 2018 and 2024. Discussion: Non-pharmacological treatments for RA, such as thermotherapy, cryotherapy, hydrotherapy and kinesiotherapy, are common in physiotherapeutic practice. Additionally, techniques such as low-level laser therapy (LLLT) show promise in reducing inflammation, while balneotherapy uses mineral water to improve health. Tai Chi Chuan and acupuncture are also used, although the effectiveness of Tai Chi in RA needs further study. The physical therapist's role includes informing patients about their treatment options and understanding their unmet needs, such as pain, fatigue and emotional well-being. Conclusion: Physiotherapy for RA includes thermotherapy, low-intensity laser, supervised and independent exercises, personalized education and awareness about the treatment, as well as guidance on the best exercises and the need for follow-up with other health professionals, aiming to improve the overall condition and reduce symptoms, providing a life with more quality and comfort.

relevance of the red reflex test in detecting leukocoria: an integrative review

2024-05-15T08:14:52+02:00

Introduction: It is estimated that nearly 80% of cases of childhood blindness are preventable with proper screening, highlighting the significant importance of screening in the early years of life. Leukocoria may be present in various ocular diseases, and whenever the red reflex is doubtful or absent, referral of the child to an ophthalmologist for a thorough and complete examination is essential. Objective: To analyze the relevance of the red reflex test in screening for ophthalmic diseases that present with the sign of leukocoria in children. Methods: This is an integrative literature review of articles published between 2019 and 2024 in the PubMed, Virtual Health Library (BVS), and SciELO Citation Index databases, using the search strategy "Leukocoria and red reflex test"; "Red reflex and neonate"; "Leukocoria and newborn". Results: The final selection comprised 9 articles, after meeting the pre-established inclusion and exclusion criteria. Final considerations: The red reflex test, through direct ophthalmoscopy, holds great importance in screening for eye diseases that are potentially harmful to the pediatric population. It should be performed from the earliest days of life, extending throughout childhood. Early detection is the best way to reduce risks to the normal development of the patient's vision.

Transit controlling and operation: perspectives to the right to safety transit

2024-05-06T23:23:28+02:00

This paper discusses the importance of controlling and traffic operation like instruments to promote traffic safety. It addresses the question of the 3E’s of road safety (education, engineering and enforcement) and how transit controlling and transit operation may contribute to the implementation of actions in each of areas of 3E’s. The discussion and identification of how interactions between these tools and the areas of the 3E’s can be effectively carried out are presented. Additionally, it discusses the scope of the right to road safety and the measures to be taken for its implementation. It was found that transit controlling and transit operation are elements that can contribute to the development of education, engineering, and legal enforcement, consolidating the right to safety transit.

Comprehensive Physiotherapy in the Treatment of Breast Cancer

2024-05-15T22:41:56+02:00

Introduction: This paper proposes an analysis of the role of physiotherapy in the treatment of breast cancer, highlighting its relevance beyond physical rehabilitation, delving into the psychosocial and emotional dimensions of the disease. Objective: Through a literature review, physiotherapy is evidenced as an essential pillar in multidisciplinary oncological care, acting from early detection to palliative support. Methodology: The analysis emphasizes the need for a comprehensive approach that considers the patient as a whole, highlighting the importance of education, prevention, and emotional support in treatment. Challenges persist regarding the integration of physiotherapy into healthcare teams and the recognition of its full potential by patients and professionals. Results: The study points to the continuous evolution of oncological physiotherapy and the urgency of a practice that engages with the complexities of human beings facing breast cancer, promoting not only survival but also quality of life and integral well-being. Conclusion: It is concluded that physiotherapy plays a crucial role in the treatment of breast cancer, addressing not only physical aspects but also providing emotional and psychosocial support. However, greater recognition and integration of this discipline into healthcare teams are necessary to continuously improve patient care and quality of life.

Risk determinants associated with the non-performance of periodic preventive exams for cervical cancer in the Northern Region, municipality of Porto de Moz, Pará - Brazil: a descriptive study

2024-01-26T23:49:10+01:00

Quantitative descriptive cross-sectional study using a pre-coded questionnaire containing socioeconomic information of patients assisted at a Basic Health Unit in the municipality of Porto de Moz, located in the interior of the state of Pará, Brazil. The data was collected from October 10 to 28, 2022, with the participation of 263 women aged 18 to 64 years who sought care at the research site. The objective of this study was to identify factors related to non-adherence to the Papanicolaou test. Approximately 19.5% of the women did not undergo the exam due to being single, having at least one child, and being between the ages of 18 and 23. Among those who had incomplete elementary education, 29.4% did not take the test, and the majority earned less than one minimum wage. Furthermore, it was found that women in stable relationships did not feel the need to use condoms, which has negative implications for the public health network.

Academic development in technical high school courses in the north region of Brazil: overcoming obstacles and promoting engagement

2024-01-08T16:41:40+01:00

Continuous development in academic learning can be hindered by rigid rules, resulting in a disconnection between students and the learning process. Promoting socialization and a sense of belonging in the academic environment contributes to student satisfaction. The ability to manage emotions is crucial when facing social challenges, preventing the emergence of emotional instabilities. This article presents a literature review that addresses the teaching and learning process. Based on this review, a structured questionnaire was developed and administered to 108 students from the integrated technical courses at the Tarauacá campus of IFAC, with the purpose of collecting relevant data on their perceptions, opinions, and experiences. Through this process, the psychological consequences of these aspects and their impact on academic performance and learning were aimed to be understood. Upon analyzing the selected studies and the questionnaire results, it is evident that there are practical, cognitive, and emotional challenges that affect students' learning process. To overcome these obstacles, it is important to address issues such as social pressure, differences in learning pace, and inappropriate practices, creating a positive learning environment and adapting pedagogical approaches to students' needs. The constructive approaches proposed in the reviewed studies positively influence students' academic performance, stimulating essential skills and promoting a holistic education. However, it is necessary to rethink the structure of education to keep students motivated, considering issues such as school dropout caused by challenges like remote campus location and financial limitations.

Clarify Artificial Intelligence (AI) decisions models rights in Intelectual Property (IP) system

2024-04-26T02:33:42+02:00

The paper explores the relationships between Artificial Intelligence (AI) and Intellectual Property (IP) system of rights protection. The discussion clarify the characteristics of IP system, who is the registered owner, what is the registration object, and where the registration takes place. The research seeks WIPO's advice and the general trend of AI experts' discussions and tries to dig deep into definitions and meanings. The research also shows the mainstream explication why AIs not entitled as owner of an IP. In other case AI’s integrated into a process or a digital product a AI tool to solve a well-known problem, it is part of the organization's management and resources. Thus, innovation's certification belongs to the company or the public organization that sponsored it. The result of the research shows a summary framework of all the rights when used as a tool for decisions and risk of assuming AI as a system or as a model to support decisions specially for Public Administration.

Evolution of land cover from 1989 to 2023 in the southern region of the Ñeembucú department, Paraguay

2024-02-07T00:22:40+01:00

This research study, conducted in the southern region of the Ñeembucú Department, Republic of Paraguay, aims to investigate the evolution of land cover from 1989 to 2023. The study area encompasses the districts of Pilar, Humaitá, Paso de Patria, General Díaz, Mayor Martínez, Isla Umbú, Desmochados, Guazu Cuá, Tacuaras, Villalbín, and Laureles. The research was initiated due to concerns regarding the degradation of wetlands, especially since this region is considered unique in the country. In recent years, the southern region of the Ñeembucú Department has undergone numerous human interventions, primarily for productive purposes. The study area, covering a total surface of 6,636.5 km², was demarcated. Subsequently, LANDSAT satellite images were obtained through the U.S. Geological Survey, selected for less than 20% cloud cover. The selected area was then delineated by cropping the images to the specified extent using QGIS 3.32 software and the Semi-Automatic Classification plugin, facilitating the semi-automatic classification of land cover. Significant deforestation, an increase in areas without land cover, urban areas, and sparse vegetation, as well as a decrease in the extent of swamps, forests, grasslands, and prairies were observed.

Variability of temperature, rainfall and reference evaporation of catolé do Rocha-PB municipality, semi-arid region of Brazil

2023-05-29T15:14:46+02:00

The state of Paraíba, specifically in the alto sertão of Paraíba, is characterized by the spatial and temporal variability of rainfall, of temperature and evapotranspiration, coming from the semi-arid climate that is inserted in the region, and yet, the performance of different meteorological systems. The objective was to quantify the rainfall, temperature and reference evaporation (mm/ month and mm/year) comprised in the experimental period between 2016 to 2020, in the municipality of Catolé do Rocha-PB, in order to determine the history of the rainy and dry season, and thus, minimize agricultural production losses due to environmental factors. The daily rainfall, temperature and reference evaporation data were obtained by means of a rain gauge and the indirect method of the class A tank, respectively. The rainfall (mm year^-1) was analyzed by the nonparametric Friedman test, the Conover test and reference evaporation (mm year^-1) applied the parametric test of the ANAVA and the test of Tukey HSD. Both parametric and non-parametric tests were analyzed by Real Statistics. Temperature data was compiled from the website (www.inmet.gov.br) in order to control, statically collecting and decision-making in the process of building scientific knowledge regarding meteorological data (climate - Temperature). Were also analyzed pearson's correlation matrices and elementary principal components analysis for the rainfall variables, Eto and Temperature in the studied experimental period. Were also studied the principal component analysis between the years 2016 to 2020 and its significance by the t test. The average reference evaporation between 2016 and 2020 was 2.1 times greater than rainfall. Mean rainfall and reference evaporation in Catolé do Rocha-PB between 2016 and 2020 were 827 mm ano^-1 and 1704 mm year^-1 and are compatible with historical averages of 800 mm year^-1 and 1700 mm year^-1, respectively. Inglesa.

Access for people with disabilities to oral health services

2024-04-06T04:17:04+02:00

Access to dental care for people with disabilities (PWD) is a guaranteed right in the public health system. However, despite existing public policies, the challenges to this access are still numerous. The objective of this study is to analyze accessibility to oral health services for PWD in a dental polyclinic at a public university. This study was carried out between September and November 2023. The type of disability, gender, age group, dental procedure performed, initial oral condition and time on the waiting list were analyzed. The average age among patients was 43 years; oral health condition was classified as “bad” in 45% of cases, with procedures to adapt the oral environment and extractions being the most performed; patients with systemic and chronic diseases were treated in greater numbers (32%). Thus, the PWD who sought care had their oral health needs met. However, the high prevalence of patients with poor oral health, concomitant with the high number of identified dental extractions, reiterates the urgent need to guarantee accessibility to dental services effectively for these people.

Nursing performance in phantom breast syndrome in mastectomized women

2024-05-05T15:46:08+02:00

Introduction: The interest in the topic arose during internships carried out in oncology units and also due to the need to understand the complexity of nursing care in monitoring women with mastectomies with phantom breast syndrome. Objective: to describe nursing action in phantom breast syndrome in mastectomized women. Method: This is an Integrative Literature Review. The search for documentary data was carried out by accessing the following databases: Virtual Health Library, articles between 2019 and 2024. Results: 105 articles were catalogued, of which seven articles were selected for discussion. Discussion: nursing actions are important activities for the treatment process of mastectomized women with phantom breast syndrome, both in the hospital environment and during rehabilitation in the home environment. Conclusion: nursing professionals play an important role in providing support to women undergoing mastectomies with phantom breast syndrome, providing comfort and helping to restore patients' self-esteem in the recovery process, in addition to assisting in treatment.

Teachers' perspectives on the Common Curricular Unit on financial, fiscal and entrepreneurial education in the city of Manaus

2024-04-26T00:28:58+02:00

The purpose of this research was to present the high school curriculum in Amazonas, with a focus on the Financial, Tax and Entrepreneurial Education training itinerary, as well as to discuss teachers' perspectives in relation to this offer in the curriculum. A survey was carried out with high school teachers in the state of Amazonas to understand their qualifications and experience in teaching the Common Curricular Unit of Financial, Tax and Entrepreneurial Education. The results of the survey showed that although all the teachers had classroom experience, they did not have specific training to teach. Teachers also argue that the inclusion of the Common Curriculum Unit on Financial, Tax and Entrepreneurial Education is crucial to prepare students for the economic challenges they will face in their lives.

Mastectomized women: Challenges encountered in the breastfeeding process

2024-05-10T17:56:03+02:00

Introduction: Breast cancer is among the most prevalent neoplasms and remains one of the primary public health challenges, representing a significant hurdle for healthcare systems and the quality of life of affected women. General objective: To identify, through scientific production, the challenges encountered by mastectomized women in breastfeeding. Methodology: This is an integrative literature review understood as a descriptive exploratory study. Results: It was found that the challenges faced by women in breastfeeding after mastectomy are influenced by various factors, such as lack of medical support, concerns about physical appearance, and functional limitations resulting from surgery. The results also highlighted the significant role of nurses in providing guidance and emotional support to these vulnerable women. Discussion: Overall, the presented research addresses different aspects related to women's health, especially concerning breastfeeding and post-mastectomy care, providing pertinent information about the experiences, challenges, and specific needs faced by women who have undergone mastectomy and breast cancer treatment. It was observed that the challenges faced by women in breastfeeding after mastectomy are influenced by various factors, such as lack of medical support, concerns about physical appearance, and functional limitations resulting from surgery. Conclusion: Therefore, breastfeeding in mastectomized women may be compromised by reduced milk production in the breast, as well as the need to adapt to alternative breastfeeding techniques. The role of nurses is fundamental in providing appropriate support, education, and guidance to mastectomized women.

Factors related to adherence to iron and folic acid supplementation in pregnant in Brazil

2024-05-04T20:16:17+02:00

Micronutrient deficiencies, such as iron and folic acid, during pregnancy are prevalent in Brazil and are related to an increased risk of anemia and congenital malformations. Causing negative, sometimes irreversible, consequences for both the fetus and pregnant women, therefore, adherence to supplementation of these elements during pregnancy is essential. Objective: To identify the factors that influence adherence to iron and folic acid supplementation in pregnant women in Brazil. Methodology: A systematic review was carried out, using electronic databases: Pubmed, VHL, Scielo, Web of science, Scopus and Embase. In which observational studies were included, carried out on pregnant women and in Brazil. Results: There is a variable prevalence in relation to the supplements studied and adherence factors are related to socioeconomic issues, adequacy of prenatal care, correct guidance from health professionals and knowledge of the nutrients supplemented by pregnant women. Conclusion: The data show that several factors influence adherence to iron and folic acid supplementation, including socioeconomic issues, quality prenatal care, quality guidance from health professionals and knowledge on the part of pregnant women about the importance of supplemented nutrients.

Immediate postoperative nursing care for appendectomy in the post-anesthesia care unit: an integrative review

2024-04-29T20:21:23+02:00

Introduction: Appendicectomy is the surgical removal of the appendix, commonly performed to treat acute appendicitis. Despite being a routine procedure, it requires meticulous immediate post-operative care to ensure a safe recovery and prevent serious complications. Objective: To discuss the role of nurses as described in the literature in the immediate postoperative care of patients undergoing appendectomy in the post-anesthetic care unit. Methodology: A qualitative approach was used through integrative review. The research was conducted on articles published in Portuguese and English, from 2018 to 2023, selected from the databases LILACS, BDENF, and MEDLINE via the Virtual Health Library (VHL), totaling 15 studies that met the inclusion criteria. Discussion: Two main categories were identified that highlight the critical role of nurses during immediate post-operative care: (1) Management of initial recovery and patient stabilization, and (2) Prevention of complications and promotion of well-being. Evidence suggests that nursing intervention is vital to minimize risks and optimize recovery. Conclusion: Nurses play an indispensable role in the immediate post-appendicectomy follow-up, emphasizing the importance of continuous vigilance and proactive action in preventing complications, thus ensuring an effective and safe recovery process.

The seasonality of bronchiolitis in newborns and young infants as diagnostic and therapeutic support.

2024-05-10T02:54:42+02:00

Bronchiolitis, also known as acute bronchiolitis (AB), is a pathology characterized by wheezing and/or bilateral crackling rales, preceded by symptoms of an upper airway infection (URTI). This pathology can be associated with several viruses such as respiratory syncytial virus (RSV), rhinovirus, parainfluenza, human metapneumovirus, influenza, adenovirus, coronavirus and human mouthvirus. The impact of the disease triggered by a given virus is intrinsically related to the season and the pathogens circulating in the current year. The expected seasonality is between the months of March and June, with an epidemic pattern prevalent in the autumn to winter seasons. In particular, it has been associated with infections in children in the first two years of life with a peak incidence below twelve months of age, causing symptoms of a typical prodrome of upper respiratory tract infection (URTI), with runny nose, sneezing, nasal obstruction, hyporexia and fever. Followed by clinical manifestations of the lower airways such as wheezing, decreased chest expansion, prolonged expirations and may progress to respiratory discomfort. This article aims to study the epidemiological and clinical aspects of acute bronchiolitis (AB). The specific objectives include analyzing the epidemiology of the cases, identifying related etiological agents, describing the clinical presentation and discussing diagnostic approaches and therapeutics. Thus, the method used was a systematic literature review, the objective of which was to synthesize, in a methodical and impartial way, the available evidence about acute bronchiolitis and its respective diagnosis and treatment. In terms of results, it was possible to identify that the diagnosis is made in most cases based on typical clinical manifestations. Complementary exams should be used in atypical conditions or in serious cases. Treatment involves the use of oxygen therapy, ventilatory support, removal of nasal secretions, hydration, bronchodilators, respiratory physiotherapy, seeking to minimize symptoms until the condition improves.

The relationship between polycystic ovary syndrome and women’s lifestyle

2024-05-07T00:31:02+02:00

Introduction: Polycystic ovary syndrome is considered a disorder of metabolic endocrine function, this endocrine disorder is characterized by ovulatory dysfunction and hyperandrogenism, women with this syndrome present hirsutism, acne, obesity, difficulty losing weight, oligo or anovulation, among others. Objective: to describe the relationship between polycystic ovary syndrome and women's lifestyle. Methods: This work is an integrative review of the literature, focused on searching and analyzing selected research, carried out in March 2024, based on nursing data (BDENF), Medical Literature Analysis and Retrievel system online (MEDLINE) and Latin American and Caribbean Literature in Health Sciences (LILACS) to identify studies that address women's lives after this diagnosis. Results: 10 articles were used for research, with a view to organizing the articles, analyzing themes, methodologies and findings in the studies to be evaluated during the review. Discussion: Women living with this syndrome are directed to have a different lifestyle from women who do not have these diagnoses, with these changes including diet, the use of physical activities in daily life, laboratory monitoring for diabetes and cholesterol, for example, among other precautions. Conclusion: It is concluded that these women need to change their lifestyle to achieve a better quality of life, to control the disease and thus avoid the presence of complications.

Legal Unpredictability of Socio-Affectivity: Contributions of Judicial Decisions to the Advancement of the topic in Family Law

2024-05-07T22:46:07+02:00

The article examines how judicial decisions in the field of Family Law contribute to mitigating the impact of the lack of specific legal norms regarding socio-affectivity. It begins with an analysis of the evolution of the family law approach to socio-affectivity over time. Next, it highlights the emergence of the principle of affectivity as a fundamental legal value. The study reveals the significant effect of judicial decisions in legitimizing socio-affectivity within the family, emphasizing the importance of these decisions in filling legal gaps and promoting social justice. The methodology involves the review of relevant judicial decisions recognizing socio-affectivity in family cases, investigating their impact and implications. Additionally, it identifies the main legal theories and arguments used by courts to support their decisions related to socio-affectivity in the absence of specific laws. It is concluded that judicial decisions play a crucial role in recognizing and protecting socio-affective bonds in family relationships, highlighting the need for a flexible and sensitive approach to family law to keep pace with social changes and ensure the implementation of constitutional principles, such as human dignity and affectivity.

Remote teaching among university students in the state of Piauí during the Covid-19 pandemic

2024-04-30T23:21:53+02:00

Objective: To analyze the reality of remote teaching by undergraduates at a higher education institution in the state of Piauí during the Covid-19 pandemic. Methods: This is a cross-sectional survey with a quantitative approach with students from regular courses at a higher education institution in the state of Piauí, from August 2021 to July 2022, with a sample of N=1,764 participants. The research was approved by the Research Ethics Committee and data was collected online using a semi-structured questionnaire plus the Beck Anxiety Scale (BAI). Then, the data were organized in the Statistical Package Program for Social Sciences (SPSS) version (20.0). Results: In total, 1,764 academics were interviewed, 1,218 female and 546 male. (53.6%) declared themselves mixed race; (57%) live with other people and (85%) live in urban areas; (83.89%) of women and (91.40%) of men reported having no difficulty using electronic devices; in distance learning (48%) studied with a cell phone, (33%) with a notebook, (13%) with a computer (PC) and (6%) with a tablet. Regarding problems with the internet (86.2%) said they had no difficulties and (13.8%) reported that they had some difficulty. Among women (46.11%) and men (40.59%) they thought about giving up the course. Conclusion: It was possible to identify difficulties during distance learning, in the use of technological resources and internet access; decreased productivity in academic activities; changes in sleep and eating; mood changes, as well as interference in the acquisition of new knowledge.

The role of the pharmacist in the use of integrative and complementary practices (PICS) for the treatment of lúpus erythematosus through acupunture

2024-05-07T19:41:01+02:00

Systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) is a disease with an insidious onset, with many different symptoms and signs, making diagnosis a great challenge, as it needs to be early and accurate. Treatment is based on the use of medications and non-use of medications. Among the non-use of medicines is the inclusion of integrative and complementary health practices (PICs), which are a set of practices and therapeutic resources that stimulate natural mechanisms for preventing problems and recovering health. The use of acupuncture is of great relevance, as it produces an effective effect in relieving pain originating from various factors. This is an integrative literature review (RIL). 17 articles were found that met the inclusion and exclusion criteria. It is concluded that the presence of the pharmaceutical professional, through pharmaceutical care, through the practice of PICs, especially acupuncture, corroborates with numerous advantages for patients, from the execution and monitoring of the patient's clinical evolution with SLE. Therefore, there is a need for more scientific work, which demonstrates the presence of the pharmacist in these practices and their benefits to health, to the different types of chronic pathologies, which can be used, bringing improvements in the quality of health.

The mental health of participants in a PET-Saúde-Interprofissionalidade project during the pandemic

2024-03-27T14:34:25+01:00

Objective: To analyze the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on the mental health of participants in the interprofessional PET-Health program. Methodology: Descriptive study with a quantitative approach, which had 112 of the 156 people who took part in the project as participants. Results: Of the participants 42% were aged between 19 and 24, 70.5% were female, 58% considered themselves brown, 72.3% were single, and 60.7% belonged to the Catholic religion, 67% were students and 41.1% were studying or had already graduated in Nursing. The teachers showed the highest level of concern, with 100% indicating a high level of concern. The students' main concern was the fear of dying or of a family member/friend dying (46.7%). The teachers' main concern was the fear of falling ill or of a family member/friend falling ill (50%) and the network professionals shared the fears of falling ill and dying with 38.1% each. The feeling most experienced by the participants was worry about various things, with 58.9% saying they felt it for several days and 19.6% saying they felt it every day. 81.2% also reported that the quarantine interfered with the quality of their mental health. the majority of participants stated that the PET-Health activities during the pandemic helped to reduce their discomfort (50.9%) and that they contributed to good/optimal professional training (88.4%). Conclusion: The COVID-19 pandemic has had a significant impact on the mental health of project participants. In addition, Pet-Saúde offered important emotional support and opportunities to share experiences, which may have mitigated some of this negative impact.

The importance of the participation of health academics in living with vulnerable populations: Welcoming and cultural understanding

2024-05-12T19:50:18+02:00

Objective: To report the experience of medical students from Cesumar University in supporting socially vulnerable indigenous populations in Maringá. It includes discussions on health, social support, donations, and building intercultural bonds for future projects. Methodology: This is an applied and exploratory study of the Experience Report type, with monthly visits to shelters, group discussions, and donations to address health and social needs. Results: The project began with meetings at Cesumar University to understand the needs and prevalent diseases in the indigenous community. Subsequently, discussions were held at the Maringá Indigenous Association, addressing not only health but also social needs. The knowledge exchange was enriching, including the exhibition of indigenous crafts. Conclusion: The need for interculturality in indigenous health was highlighted, emphasizing respect for cultural practices. The experience was crucial for the students' development, fostering sensitivity and critical awareness.

The decision of the Federal Supreme Court and the (im)possibility of not applying the guarantee judge in cases of domestic and family violence against women: legal implications and debates

2024-05-13T19:44:08+02:00

This article sought to analyze the decision of the Supreme Federal Court regarding the non-application of the "judge of guarantees" in cases of domestic violence, the implications, and the legal debates regarding the subject. The article's question consists of whether there is a violation of the accusatory principle in the case of not applying the rule of the "judge of guarantees" to cases of domestic violence. To answer this, it is necessary to verify if there is a violation of the accusatory principle in the case of not applying the "judge of guarantees" in cases of domestic violence. Additionally, it is essential to explain what the accusatory principle consists of in the Brazilian legal system, as well as to define what the "judge of guarantees" is and what its attributions are in the criminal process, and finally, to analyze in detail the decision of the Supreme Federal Court in the Direct Actions of Unconstitutionality 6.298, 6.299, 6.300, and 6.305, which deal with the introduction of the "judge of guarantees" by the Anti-Crime Package (Law No. 13.964/2019), identifying the legal foundations and arguments presented. For this, the deductive approach method will be adopted through legal research. The research design will be exploratory, using the technique of data collection in doctrines, legislations, and jurisprudence, conducting a bibliographic review, and identifying pertinent legal foundations. The research will be theoretical and qualitative. It is concluded that there is no violation of the accusatory principle in the case of not applying the "judge of guarantees" in cases of domestic violence because the implementation of the "judge of guarantees" reinforced the accusatory model advocated by the CF/88, as well as the complex dynamics behind the context of domestic violence.

Valvular diseases from the perspective of Cardiopulmonary Exercise Testing: an integrative review of the last 10 years

2024-05-12T01:20:26+02:00

Objective: To identify the indication of Cardiopulmonary Exercise Testing (CPET) in moderate to severe valve diseases in oligo or asymptomatic patients. Methods: was an integrative literature review, including articles published between 2014 and 2024, without language restrictions, available online in full. The guiding question was: “What is the evidence on performing cardiopulmonary exercise testing in patients with moderate to severe valvular heart disease who are asymptomatic?”. The literature search was conducted through the PUBMED/MEDLINE, Latin American and Caribbean Health Sciences Literature (LILACS) and BVS Collection databases, using the following Health Sciences Descriptors (DeCS): Heart Valve Diseases; Cardiopulmonary Exercise Testing, with the Boolean operator “AND”. Results:The final sample consisted of 09 articles that met the previously defined inclusion and exclusion criteria. The conclusion drawn was that CPET is well established in the literature as a safe, accessible, and easily reproducible option for symptom assessment in falsely asymptomatic patients. Final considerations: The conclusion drawn was that CPET is well established in the literature as a safe, accessible and objective option for evaluating patients with valvular disease, allowing a real analysis of aerobic conditioning associated with the behavior of the cardiovascular, pulmonar and peripheral systems, bringing greater precision to the patient’s clinical assessment.

Assessment of the use of alcoholic beverages using the audit score in patients undergoing bariatric surgery

2024-05-05T20:26:43+02:00

Introduction: the relationship between bariatric surgery and alcoholism is complex. After bariatric surgery, some people may be more susceptible to alcoholism due to metabolic and psychological changes. Objective: to identify the prevalence of alcohol use and risk factors in patients undergoing bariatric surgery using the AUDIT score. Methodology: cross-sectional, retrospective, survey study carried out between 2020-2021. The sample consisted of 5,160 patients undergoing bariatric surgery. Results: of the total sample, 3,354 responded to the AUDIT test, being divided into two groups according to the AUDIT score classification. 509 (15.18%) participants were classified as harmful use/probable dependence (zone III/IV) (Group A) and as low risk/risky use (zone I/II) 2,845 (84.82%) identified as Group B. In group A, the average age was 38.60 years, 460 (91.45%) were female, 284 (56.57%) came from the southeast, 309 (60.95%) identified themselves as white, 279 (54.92%) had completed higher education, 439 (86.93%) underwent gastric bypass, 229 (45.35%) were overweight according to the post-bariatric Body Mass Index. The use of alcohol only after bariatric surgery (13.41%) and the use before and after (86.19%) of the procedure was more prevalent in group A. Conclusion: risk factors such as sedentary lifestyle, smoking, illicit drugs, previous use of alcoholic beverages, post-bariatric overweight, longer time intervals after the surgical procedure and the gastric bypass surgical technique, may represent risk factors for harmful use or probable dependence on alcohol.

Remote teaching in chemistry classes during covid-19: the perception of high school students in Tefé/AM

2024-05-10T23:21:21+02:00

With the Covid-19 pandemic, educational institutions at various levels suspended in-person classes and adopted Emergency Remote Teaching to continue school activities. Investigating the educational context experienced in schools in the municipality of Tefé-AM is of utmost importance to understand the strategies used in Chemistry classes. The aim of this study was to analyze how remote teaching was conducted in Chemistry classes during the Covid-19 pandemic in Tefé, Amazonas. Questionnaires were administered to students from four state schools to assess their perception of teaching and learning. The results showed that mobile phones and WhatsApp were the most used means of communication for content delivery and conducting classes. However, due to poor internet connectivity, Digital Information and Communication Technologies could not be effectively utilized, resulting in low student performance in learning and leading them to prefer in-person teaching for the teaching and learning process.

The use of phytotherapeut ics in the treatment of people living with diabetes

2024-05-05T00:54:15+02:00

In Brazil, around 9.1 million people have diabetes mellitus, a disease caused by failures in metabolic mechanisms and which results in hyperglycemia and various other complications. One of the programs offered by the Unified Health System to control diabetes is herbal medicine, which has proved to be very effective, as shown by the results of various studies. To analyze scientific production in relation to the use of herbal medicines in the treatment of people living with diabetes. This is an integrative review, with data collection carried out between October and November 2023, by reading and analyzing articles published in the last five years, in English and Portuguese, free of charge, available entirely online, in the Google Scholar, PubMed and MEDLINE databases. Ten studies published according to the sample selection criteria made up the final sample. By analyzing the emerging data obtained in this analysis, highlighting the synoptic table presented above, it was concluded that herbal medicines have positive and relevant effects in the treatment of type 1 and 2 diabetes mellitus. The evidence showing the benefits provided by the use of medicinal plants confirms the need for investment in proper use and improvement in the quality of life of diabetic patients.

Impact of phytotherapy on metabolic diseases and its use in clinical nursing practice: an integrative review

2024-04-25T18:27:24+02:00

Introduction: In clinical nursing practice, phytotherapy is used as a complementary approach to the conventional treatment of various diseases, including metabolic diseases, however, there are still gaps regarding its impact and its use by nursing within the scope of the SUS. Objective: to evaluate, based on the literature, the impact of using herbal medicines for the treatment of metabolic diseases and their use in clinical nursing practice within the scope of the SUS. Methodology: This article is an integrative bibliographic review carried out between February and April 2024, using an electronic search on Google Scholar, PubMed and VHL. During the research, the Boolean operator AND was used. Resulting in the following search strategy: “phytotherapy” AND “Metabolic Diseases"; “phytotherapy” AND “Metabolic Syndrome” and "Nursing" AND "phytotherapy". After methodological rigor using the inclusion and exclusion criteria, 19 articles were selected for compose the production of this review. Results: 19 medicinal plants were mentioned with phytotherapeutic actions, of which 73.86% act in Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus; Thus, it is observed that the greatest effects of herbal medicines were in the control of Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus. However, it is worth mentioning that some of the plants found are used in the treatment of more than one of the aforementioned metabolic disorders. Conclusion: Based on the studies, it is concluded that herbal medicines have significant benefits in improving various metabolic diseases, however, their use in clinical nursing practice is hampered by the lack of knowledge of these professionals with regard to mechanisms of action, therapeutic indications, drug interactions and adverse effects of this treatment alternative, with the need for training to optimize its use within the scope of the SUS.

Prevalence and incidence of anorectal malformations in children born in a high-risk maternity hospital in the city of Aracaju

2024-05-10T03:55:15+02:00

Anorectal malformations (ARM) are a complex group of congenital anomalies that affect the development of the anus, rectum and urogenital tract. Objective: To assess the prevalence and incidence of MAR in newborns up to 30 days after birth. Methodology: a cross-sectional, retrospective and documentary study carried out at the Nossa Senhora de Lourdes Maternity Hospital (MNSL), Sergipe, from 2018 to 2022. Data was collected from maternity records and the Live Birth Information System (SINASC), focusing on the classification of malformations, primary interventions carried out and clinical outcomes. Results: During the study period, 47 newborns with MAR were registered in the state of Sergipe. Of these, 12 occurred in the MNSL, the most frequent being the low type (50%). The most common interventions included posterior sagittal anorectoplasty (PSAAR) in 50% of cases and colostomies in 30%. Electrostimulators were available and used in 100% of the ARPSP performed. In the first 30 days, the post-operative mortality rate was 25% and 16.67% of neonates died without any surgical intervention, due to the severity of the associated pathologies. The post-operative complication rate was 50% and the mortality rate in patients without associated comorbidities was 0%. Conclusion: the incidence of MAR in Sergipe during the period was 0.256 per 1000 births. 25.53% of cases were treated at the MNSL and achieved an overall mortality rate of 50%. Despite the availability of resources, MAR presents considerable challenges, especially for patients with serious associated pathologies.

Infected dentigeral cyst: clinical case report

2024-05-04T13:53:49+02:00

The infected dentigerous cyst can be defined as a cystic lesion involving the crown of an included tooth, which is linked to the cementoenamel junction. Clinically, it is observed due to an asymptomatic swelling and is usually found by routine radiographic examination or by investigation of unerupted teeth. Radiographically, it appears as a radiolucent unilocular lesion around an embedded tooth. Thus, this work presents a clinical case of a patient with infected dentigerous cyst in the posterior region of the mandible, treated surgically through enucleation. A 7-year-old male patient attended the Clínica Imagem Dental, Brazil, with a complaint of enlargement in the right posterior region of the mandible and by an orthodontist, he did not have facial asymmetry, panoramic radiographic examination and computed tomography. presence of a lesion which has undergone a biopsy for confirmation and for the direction of treatment. In view of the clinical and radiographic picture, the treatment plan established was incisional biopsy and cyst enucleation, to allow the eruption of permanent successors.

The right to image a dead person in relation to artificial intelligence: the ethical-legal limit of the use of images of dead people

2024-05-10T02:28:58+02:00

The main objective of this research is to investigate whether there are legal gaps in relation to the ethical limits of using the image of deceased people when manipulated by artificial intelligence technologies, considering as a central problem: "The advancement of techniques for creating digital personas and deepfakes are capable of violating the right to the image of people who have already died when manipulated through artificial intelligence technology?" To this end, a bibliographical investigation will be carried out on the technological evolution of AI and its legal implications, considering its impact on the field of posthumous image rights. In addition, the legislative proposals currently being processed in the National Congress will be examined, with emphasis on Bill No. 3592/2023, which seeks to regulate the use of images and audio of deceased people through AI. By addressing these issues, this research aims to contribute to the development of appropriate public policies and legislation that guarantee the protection of individual rights and the preservation of people's dignity, privacy and integrity after their death in a context marked by technological advances.

Epidemiological profile and temporal trend of mortality from self-inflicted injuries among adolescents and young people in Brazil, 2013-2022

2024-05-02T16:08:26+02:00

Objective: to analyze the temporal trend in suicide rates in Brazil from 2013 to 2022. Methods: Ecological time series study with data on mortality from self-harm in Brazil. Suicide rates per 100 thousand inhabitants were calculated, according to sociodemographic characteristics. The temporal trend was estimated using Prais-Winsten regression. Results: In Brazil, from 2013 to 2022, 23,222 deaths from self-inflicted injuries were recorded. The mortality rate in Brazil among young adults was higher compared to other age groups, with 7.50 deaths for every 100 thousand young people. Soon after, adolescents have a mortality rate of 5.28 deaths/100,000 adolescents, while mortality among those aged 10 to 14 is 1.07/100,000. It was observed that hanging, strangulation or suffocation represented more than 74% of total deaths, followed by firearm deaths with 4.26 and precipitation from a high place with 3.95% of deaths. In the temporal analysis, it was observed that in all age groups and regions of the country there was a tendency for the mortality rate to increase. It is worth highlighting the North regions with an increase of 8.72% per year in deaths among young adolescents, the Southeast with an increase of 9.55% per year among adolescents and the South with an 8.75% increase among young adults. Conclusion: High suicide rates were identified in the midwest, especially among young adults. The temporal trend was growth in all macro-regions and in all age groups analyzed.

Crimes in virtual reality: some notes on INTERPOL METAVERSO’s activities

2024-05-09T17:53:26+02:00

The present study is the result of a Course Completion Work, a partial requirement for obtaining a Bachelor's degree in Law from the State University of Tocantins, Câmpus Paraíso. The objective is to investigate crimes in virtual reality environments, focusing on the work of the International Criminal Police Organization (INTERPOL) in the Metaverse. The study is based on the analysis of Brazilian law, identifying its advances and areas that require regulatory updating. To this end, legal work research was adopted, relying on bibliographic and documentary research. The study aimed to contribute to the legal discussion on crimes in virtual reality (Metaverse), understanding the challenges and possible solutions within the legal system, as well as identifying INTERPOL's actions in combating these crimes while adapting to technological advancement. Thus, it was possible to identify legal gaps that contribute to the increase in crime in the national and international digital environment. It is clear that current legislation needs urgent updating so that it can effectively face the emerging challenges of the digital era, ensuring the protection of citizens and network security. On the contrary, an environment conducive to impunity and the spread of cybercrime will emerge.

The celery of electronic processes the light of the new civil process code

2024-05-07T21:33:16+02:00

Considering the technological advances brought to the Judiciary, concerning the electronic judicial process, which aims at the effective reach of judicial protection through a speedy process and precisely based on constitutional principles, the objective is to analyze mainly the speed of procedural acts with an approach in the New Civil Procedure Code within the scope of the electronic process, analyzing its principles, the law that establishes the electronic process, the differentiation of deadlines within this type of process in light of the Procedural Code, its benefits and a brief comparison between the physical process and electronic and the time for its judgment. To this end, research is carried out through published theoretical productions, standards, doctrines and investigations, laws and websites. Which allows us to conclude, within the principles dictates, that the jurisdiction only has to gain from the electronic judicial process.

Typical and atypical symptoms of gastroesophageal reflux disease in medical students

2024-05-07T05:33:52+02:00

Introduction: Gastroesophageal Reflux Disease (GERD) is currently one of the most prevalent pathologies in gastroenterology and otolaryngology, with an average incidence in Brazil ranging from 12 to 20%. The symptoms vary, initially complicating a more precise diagnosis. Its symptoms can manifest typically and atypically, potentially impacting people's quality of life. Objective: To investigate typical and atypical symptoms of Gastroesophageal Reflux Disease in medical students.

Methodology: Cross-sectional survey, observational, and descriptive study conducted at Tiradentes University from February to April 2024. The sample consisted of 151 medical students from Tiradentes University campuses in Aracaju and Estancia, Sergipe.

Results: 35 participants reported a diagnosis of GERD. Females represented 83% of the total sample (151), with 77% having a previous diagnosis of GERD. Typical symptoms such as heartburn and regurgitation were more prevalent, while atypical symptoms were represented by the presence of throat clearing, hiccups, asthma symptoms, and chronic cough. The association of GERD with a family history of the disease, psychiatric disorders, caffeine consumption, and some medications was frequent. Conclusion: Typical and atypical symptoms were prevalent among medical students, especially in females and individuals of white skin. Several risk factors were identified, requiring attention to the impact on the quality of life in this academic population.

Mental health and Covid-19: coping strategies and post-traumatic stress in higher education students

2024-04-29T15:13:20+02:00

During the pandemic, there has been a significant increase in psychological disorders such as anxiety, depression and stress among university students. Post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) is a common pathological outcome of a wide variety of traumatic events. Higher education students have faced numerous challenges and have had to develop and rescue ways of coping with the discomforts generated by the pandemic, protective strategies are positive variables that cancel out the effects of risk factors. This article aims to analyze the mental health of higher education students during the covid-19 pandemic, correlating its effects with Post-Traumatic Stress Disorder and ways of coping. The sample consisted of 427 higher education students from Ceará, and the instruments used were the PCL-5 scale and the Coping Strategies Inventory, applied in 2022. The participants were 59.5% female, the average age was 25.5 years (SD ± 4.0 years), 52.2% declared themselves brown and 84.5% said they were single. The students suffered from PTSD as a result of the pandemic and used coping strategies to deal with the stressors caused by the Covid-19 pandemic. The results showed that PTSD tended to increase with an increase in the following coping strategies: Factor 1 - confrontation, Factor 2 - withdrawal, Factor 3 - self-control and Factor 5 - acceptance of responsibility. PTSD showed a tendency to decrease with an increase in the following coping strategies: Factor 4 - social support, Factor 7 - problem solving and Factor 8 - positive reappraisal. It is recommended that higher education institutions monitor the mental health status of their students, to support those still suffering from the harmful effects of the covid-19 pandemic.

Legitimate defense and excessive defense: a fine line in police approaches

2024-05-13T20:46:44+02:00

The present article seeks to analyze the difficulty in distinguishing between legitimate defense and excessive defense in police approaches, which has increasingly become a concern in contexts involving public security agents. As a result, this article proposes an analysis using the deductive research method, through bibliographic research of doctrines, and documentary research, such as laws, resolutions, and jurisprudence. In particular, the analysis of the Penal Code, Federal Constitution, Military Penal Code, Law 13.060/2014, resolutions of the Public Prosecutor's Office, and judgments brought to the Supreme Court regarding the use of police force are examined. Furthermore, offensive police operations, the lethality of police activities, their impact on society, and the analysis of the subjectivity of interpretations left to the discretion of the judiciary are examined. All of this is done so that it could be concluded in the end that there are well-defined legal criteria, but that the distortion of police powers brings with it the manipulation of the right to kill and the concealment of evidence, making the judgments require a great deal of the judge's subjectivity in the analysis of specific cases.

Perception of high school students from a public school in Pará about gasteroid fungi (Basidiomycota)

2024-05-06T22:04:33+02:00

Due to lack of dissemination, fungi remain little known, especially macrofungi with unpopular morphology, such as gasteroid fungi (Basidiomycota). This research investigated the perception of high school students from a public school in Santarém, Pará, regarding the recognition of gasteroid fungi compared to other groups of fungi. Samples with different morphologies were presented to the students, so they could list only the fungal origin samples. Mold was added to the dynamics because it is the most present group in didactic materials focused on the topic. Hierarchical clustering analysis was used to group samples with similar observations. Mold was recognized by 100% of the students. Samples with mushroom (umbrella) and ear-shaped morphology also showed a high degree of recognition, but recognition decreased as the morphologies of the other samples diverged from those mentioned earlier, reaching less than 5% for most samples of gasteroid fungi, which due to lack of popularity, were confused with representatives of plants. It is necessary to increase didactic activities involving mycology and intensify its dissemination and popularization to expand students' perception and make less popular groups, such as gasteroid fungi, equally important components of mycodiversity.

Challenges and perspectives of tax legislation in promoting environmental responsibility in Brazil: fiscal incentives as a stimulus tool

2024-05-06T02:24:43+02:00

The present study is the result of the Course Completion Work, a partial requirement for obtaining the Bachelor of Laws degree from the State University of Tocantins, Câmpus Paraíso. The article aims to investigate the impact of tax incentives on promoting business sustainability. Initially, the growing relevance of corporate socio-environmental responsibility is highlighted, highlighting the importance of effective public policies to promote it. Bibliographical research is adopted with interdisciplinary reading of available scientific sources. The analysis covers empirical evidence that points to the positive effects of tax incentives on the adoption of sustainable practices by companies. At the same time, criticisms and challenges inherent to this strategy are examined, including concerns related to its effectiveness, equity and possible unforeseen repercussions. In conclusion, paths for future research and policy refinement are suggested, with the aim of maximizing the potential of tax incentives as a tool to boost business sustainability. In this way, we seek to contribute to the advancement of sustainable development on a global scale, promoting a more balanced and environmentally conscious economy.

The new taxation policy on international purchases and the limitations of art. 150 of the 1988 magna letter: Aliexpress, Shein and Shopee case

2024-05-11T21:26:37+02:00

The present study is the result of a Course Completion Work, a partial requirement for obtaining a Bachelor's degree in Law from the Faculty of Legal Sciences of Paraíso do Tocantins - UNEST. The article analyzes the economic-financial challenges faced by the companies AliExpress, Shein and Shopee in the context of international e-commerce taxation, considering the new taxation policy and the limitations imposed by art. 150 of the Magna Carta of 1988. Bibliographic and documentary research of a qualitative and interdisciplinary nature was adopted in order to achieve the objective of this work. The complexities of cross-border transactions, the different forms of taxation, the impacts of the limitations of art. 150 and the tax compliance strategies adopted by these companies in the current situation of tax policy for international purchases. It was concluded that, despite the challenges, cooperation with tax authorities, the implementation of monitoring systems and the development of internal compliance policies, which are essential, it is necessary to think about mechanisms to guarantee tax compliance and the success of international e-commerce operations continuously respond to the volatility of economic and financial relations

Proverbs as a philosophical definition in popular education: analysis of educational practices in the municipality of Soyo (Zaire province, Angola)

2024-03-07T13:53:17+01:00

This article aims to understand how proverbs can contribute to the context of popular education through the analysis of educational practices in the municipality of Soyo, Zaire Province, Angola. Proverbs represent the highest manifestation of people’s philosophical thought, where speech and/or rhetoric are related to solving simple or complex social problems through intelligence or knowledge. The exploratory research will employ strategies to comprehend how this genre contributes to education and the preservation of collective memory within a community. Expected results include identifying crucial trends and challenges in the Angolan popular education system, particularly in Soyo. Data could inform the reconsideration of popular education policies. Additionally, the study aims to empower youth in educational practice and raise awareness within society about the significance of reevaluating the relationship between proverbs and society. A bibliographic review of the popular education system in Angola (Soyo) contextualizes the research, examining how proverbs have been implemented over time, evolved, and contributed to various educational perspectives. The research is structured around three fundamental axes: an introduction establishing the theoretical foundations, a development section supporting the theoretical framework within the Angolan educational system, and the evolution of proverb philosophy, and the conclusion, which summarize the research journey, considering theoretical and methodological aspects related to the development of proverbs in popular education.

Factors associated with low adherence to pap smear testing among women: integrative literature review

2024-04-22T15:25:00+02:00

Cervical Cancer (CCU), also called cervical cancer, is an epithelial change that is characterized by progressive cellular transformations that can evolve into an invasive lesion. It is currently a public health problem due to society's exposure to dietary, behavioral and biological risk factors. The Pap smear is the main test used to detect CC. However, even though it is an exam of outstanding importance, many women choose not to undergo the exam. OBJECTIVE: To identify in the literature the factors that make it difficult for women to take the Pap smear test. METHODOLOGY: This is an integrative literature review, in which the guiding question was: “What factors are associated with women's low adherence to the Pap smear test? Therefore, the search strategy was used: Papanicolaou Test AND Patient Non-Compliance. The scientific databases selected were: Virtual Health Library (VHL), Cinahl, PubMed, Scopus and Web of Science. RESULTS: 15 articles were found, 12 of which were published in 2015, 2016, 2017 and 2018, each year containing 3 articles; followed by the years 2014, 2020 and 2021 with 1 article each. CONCLUSION: In view of the above, it was evident that despite the Pap smear being a widely discussed topic, with scientifically proven importance, the target population has reasons for not adhering to this preventive exam.

Burnout Syndrome in Health Professionals Working in Intensive Care Units: an integrative review

2024-04-09T19:46:02+02:00

Objective: To identify the risk factors that can contribute to the development of the syndrome in health professionals working in intensive care units. Methods: This is an integrative literature review, based on the search strategy in the following databases: SciELO (Scientific Electronic Library Online), LILACS (Latin American and Caribbean Literature in Health Sciences, and Medline (Medical Literature Analitics and Retrieval System Online). Results: The final sample was composed of five studies published between January 2010 and August 2023, from the SciELO and Medline bases. The prevalence of the syndrome varied with the professional category, sex, age, educational level and marital status, being more prevalent in females. The existence of risk factors such as the number of patients assisted and the possibility of complications, excessive noise, dealing with suffering and death, care for terminal patients and insufficient remuneration, favored the development of the syndrome. Conclusion: The coexistence of personal, organizational, social and work factors that constitute a risk for the development of burnout syndrome, place health professionals working in the ICU in vulnerability in the face of the development of the syndrome. The adoption of coping measures prove to be beneficial.

Interprofessional knowledge and factors involved in the care of critically ill patients with COVID-19 in-hospital cardiopulmonary arrest

2024-02-07T14:58:15+01:00

Objective: To verify explicit knowledge and non-modifiable factors that interfere with knowledge about in-hospital cardiopulmonary resuscitation in the care provided by health professionals. Method: Quantitative cross-sectional study developed in an adult Intensive Care Unit with a sample consisting of 115 health professionals. A semi-structured questionnaire was used, validated by the Delphi method, divided into three domains. Descriptive analysis was performed and hypotheses were tested using the Kruskal-Wallis and Dunn-Mann-Whitney tests. Spearman correlations were calculated between continuous/ordinal variables and an α of 5% was considered significant. Results: Knowledge about basic life support was higher than advanced life support (68.8% vs 59.1%). The professionals presented a median score of 80 (70-85) points in relation to knowledge related to cardiorespiratory arrest in patients with COVID-19. Age (p=0.044) and time since professional health training (p=0.007) were shown to be non-modifiable factors that significantly interfere with the level of knowledge. Conclusion: Explicit interprofessional knowledge about the care of patients in cardiorespiratory arrest proved to be satisfactory, but still with gaps regarding aspects related to the care of individuals with COVID-19. The health professional's age and training time were shown to be non-modifiable factors that significantly interfere with the level of knowledge.

Actions of primary health care for elderly during the Covid-19 pandemic: a narrative review

2024-01-18T17:38:00+01:00

Objective: To gather scientific articles in the literature regarding actions developed/proposed in Primary Health Care (PHC) for the care of the elderly during the Covid-19 pandemic. Method: Narrative literature review. The bibliographic search was conducted from October to December 2020, in the databases LILACS, SCIELO, IBECS, PUBMED, and Google Scholar. Thematic analysis of the literature was performed. Results: Seven publications were included, indicating a restructuring of PHC services/actions, such as the adoption of technological resources, home visits, and strengthening collaborations with other healthcare sectors, aiming for comprehensive care for the elderly during the Covid-19 pandemic emergency, with the goal of maintaining care for this segment of the population. Conclusion: The development of new actions and the use of technological innovations by PHC have been crucial in optimizing the quality of healthcare for the elderly during pandemic times.

The impact of the Covid-19 pandemic on the mental health of nursing students during their internship

2024-02-26T14:35:48+01:00

Nursing plays an important role in the fight against Covid-19, as professionals spend most of their time helping to care for patients, which increases their susceptibility to infection by the virus. This scenario includes nursing students in the final year of their course, who are working on the front line against Covid-19. The aim was to assess the impact of the Covid-19 pandemic on the mental health of nursing students during their internship. This study is characterized as an exploratory field study with a qualitative approach. The research participants were students enrolled in supervised internships I and II, regularly enrolled in the Nursing course at the aforementioned institution. Of the 50 students interviewed, 31 were female and 19 male, aged between 20 and 26, with 32 of them living with family members during the pandemic, of whom 44% showed normal symptoms for anxiety, 58% for depression and 54% for stress. In terms of quality of life, 24% suffered physical impairment, 24% psychological impairment, 44% social impairment and 58% environmental impairment. Women had significantly higher levels of stress and anxiety (Mean=9.26; SD± 4.865). Individuals living alone had lower scores for physical quality of life (Mean=3.440; SD±0.939) and environmental quality of life (Mean=3.380; SD±0.998), (Mean=13.42; SD±7.562). There was a statistically significant association between the age variable and depression (p-value=0.05), with a greater predominance of depressive symptoms in individuals aged between 27 and 33 years (Mean=11.64; SD±9.266), and a significant association between the age and environmental quality of life variables (p-value=0.05), with lower rates in individuals aged between 26 and 33 years, indicating greater damage to the quality of life of these individuals (Mean=3.720; SD±0.715). Although anxiety, depression and stress levels ranged from normal to mild. There was a significant association between the age variable and depression, with a higher prevalence among students aged between 27 and 33.

Creatinine clearence in renal recovery and mortality

2024-02-06T19:59:44+01:00

Objective: To verify the association of glomerular filtration rate based on the estimate of creatinine clearance with the occurrence of renal recovery and mortality in hospitalized patients with hospital-acquired acute kidney injury. Method: Prospective cohort of 202 patients followed between 2017 and 2019. The Mann-Whitney, Chi-square and Fisher's Exact tests were used for statistical analysis. The Backward method using logistic regression was used for multivariate analysis. Results with p≤0.05 were considered significant. Results: It was found that the median estimated glomerular filtration rate of 39.83 ml/min/1.73 m² (from 29.15 to 61.64) was associated with hospital deaths (p=0.032) and recovery from long-term (6 months) renal function (AUC 0.756). Conclusion: Estimated variations in creatinine clearance were associated with long-term renal recovery and in-hospital deaths. Furthermore, an association was found between creatinine clearance and renal function with death during the hospitalization of patients in the ward with hospital-acquired acute kidney injury.

The trajectory from hygiene to health: the applicability of the theatrical approach as a tool for scientific literacy

2024-03-14T03:30:10+01:00

Health Education, Scientific literacy, Sanitary Education and its preventive measures have been widely discussed over the past decades. It brings up a necessary reflection in order to remedy certain failures that have been occurring for a considerably amount of time now, and that harm their practice. With art, more specifically the theatrical making, it is possible to find a solution, making the practice more effective. This study is a production of a theater dramaturgy aimed at children and preteens, in order to deliver health prevention content. In the story, Luna sings up for the science fair at her school for which she programmed her own video game. The big bosses are Corona Virus, Measles, E. Coli and Giardia Lamblia. The unexpected happens and the microorganisms make it out of the game into real life. Luna counts on her teacher to save herself and her friends. The dramaturgy delivers this educational content with a ludic approach and is available for free use as a learning tool.

The practice of teaching philosophy as a proposal for intervention in the vandalism of public-school heritage

2024-02-24T14:14:05+01:00

The present paper has as objective to suggest a proposal of philosophical activity starting from the reading and reflection upon the text “Pericles´Funeral Oration”, to try to solve a problem that, along the past few years has become more and more intense, which is the case of the depredation of the property and heritage of public school. Problem that has been presented this way: Before the abandon and indifference, mostly shown by the students, how can philosophy contribute to lessen the devaluation of public school patrimony? That is, in what ways can philosophy stimulate a feeling of belonging on Middle and Junior High school students toward the school environment. To answer this question this paper is divided in three sections. In the first section, the focus is the exposition of the depredation itself at which many schools are found. The data has been provided by researches developed by public education teachers supported by Education Development Plan (PDE). In the second section we present philosophy as knowledge of formation, that is, a modality of knowledge that seeks, through its peculiarities, to demonstrate how possible it is, from philosophical reflection and of a human formation process, to try to resolve the problem of vandalism perpetrated by students and also the indifference from some teachers insensitive to the problem. Finally, in the third section, the didactic-philosophical proposal is presented as a suggestion of intervention. Such intervention is also divided in two steps, being the first the reading, interpretation and reflection of the philosophical text in the classroom. The second step being the practice, that stimulates the students to propose projects aiming changes in the environment they are active parts of, so they could leave their legacy. With that done, we truly expect not only to contribute to enrich the activities directed to the philosophy teaching at Middle and Junior High schools, but also to contribute to an ideal of human being that might have the perception of belonging to a particular community and therefore value the cultural legacy received, as is the case of scholar institutions.

Nitrato de Ouro em Nanoescala: Um estudo de Suas Propriedades

2024-04-02T20:49:45+02:00

The transition from classical mechanics to quantum theory marked a turning point in the history of physics, driving notable advancements and paving the way for nanoscience and nanotechnology. With these materials, we can find unique properties depending on the size of the nanomaterials. This study aims to explore the optical and structural properties of gold nitrate nanoparticles using advanced computational modeling with the CASTEP module and based on density functional theory (DFT). We aim to contribute to the understanding of these nanoparticles, with implications for innovative technologies and the advancement of materials science. It is expected that this study will enrich existing knowledge and foster innovations in various scientific fields.

Oral mucositis caused by antineoplastic therapies

2024-03-12T20:22:53+01:00

Oral mucositis is the most common adverse effect in the oral cavity, caused by antineoplastic therapies such as chemotherapy and/or radiotherapy of the head and neck. It is characterized by erythematous, ulcerated and whitish lesions that can vary in degree. The aim of this study was to review the literature on oral mucositis caused by antineoplastic treatment, highlighting its clinical aspects, risk factors, pathobiology, assessment scales and which preventive and therapeutic treatments should be performed, with the aim of highlighting how the dentist should act to bring comfort and alleviate the pain caused by the injuries, in addition to guiding the patient with the individual care that is necessary. Treatments aim to mitigate symptoms and prevent using laser, analgesia, mouthwash, alternative therapies with natural agents and cryotherapy. However, regardless of the treatment adopted, the patient must be accompanied by a multidisciplinary team in which the dentist must always be present.

The use of the ulectomy technique as a surgical option in cases of prolonged retention in tooth eruption in pediatric dentistry: A case series

2024-01-09T02:06:22+01:00

The process of timing tooth eruption is an integral part of childhood growth and development. However, delays in tooth eruption are common in many children, and the dentist and/or pediatric dentist must know how to evaluate each case. One of the reasons related to this delay is gingival fibrosis, which after a clinical evaluation and detailed radiographic examinations of the region, confirming the absence of bone tissue, treatment is chosen using the ulectomy technique, which consists of excision of the tissues that cover the incisal surface of the dental crown of an unerupted tooth, with the aim of allowing a free path for this tooth to occupy its position in the arch. The objective of this work is to report a series of clinical cases that show eruption of elements 11, 12, 21 and 22. The patients described reported complaining of the absence of anterior teeth, which after clinical and radiographic examination, it was observed that this was a case of retention of tooth eruption due to gingival fibrosis. The proposed treatment was ulectomy using the conventional technique, with a scalpel, and the high-power laser technique, aiming to expose the incisal edges of these elements, consequently promoting eruptive movement. It is concluded that, faced with possible cases of delayed tooth eruption, ulectomy proves to be an excellent treatment choice, due to its simple technique, recovery and quick results, aiming to restore functionality, health and aesthetics to patients.

Computational Thinking and Mathematics Education: An Approach Utilizing TDICs

2024-02-23T00:37:29+01:00

The growing presence of digital technology in our lives is redefining education, making it more dynamic and student-centered. The integration of Digital Information and Communication Technologies (TDICs) in education has the potential to promote high-quality learning, especially in the discipline of mathematics, which is essential for the development of essential cognitive skills. However, there is a gap between the mathematics taught in school and its practical application in the digital world. Computational thinking stands out as a set of skills that empower individuals to deal with complex digital systems and solve real-world problems with clarity and creativity. In Brazil, Computational Concept has gained prominence in the National Common Curricular Base (BNCC), reflecting its growing importance in education. To investigate the integration of TDICs in mathematics education and the promotion of computational thinking, a literature review was conducted, analyzing previous studies and relevant pedagogical approaches. Various digital resources, such as educational software, mobile applications, and online platforms, were identified for this purpose, and then the analysis of these educational software was conducted. Interviews were also conducted with experienced educators who had successfully implemented computational thinking in their mathematics classes, collecting detailed information about their approaches and practices. Through these analyses, it was perceived that TDICs contribute to the context of mathematics education and the promotion of computational thinking.

The significance of integrating preventive medicine into health promotion strategies

2024-03-31T17:55:42+02:00

Preventive medicine includes primary prevention interventions, secondary and tertiary strategies that seek early detection and control of pathologies, and patient rehabilitation. In this sense, health promotion involves not only individual actions, but also community and government actions with the purpose of encouraging a healthy lifestyle. The active participation of the community, preventive and care services stand out as guidelines for the organization of the health system. In this context, the study aims to explore and highlight the relevance of incorporating preventive medicine into health promotion initiatives. Additionally, it uses an integrative literature review with research in the Google Scholar, Scielo and Pubmed databases. The descriptors explored were "preventive medicine", "health promotion" and "preventive health services" and all according to DeCS/MeSH (Health Sciences Descriptors). The integration of preventive medicine with health promotion is an effective strategy to prevent diseases, promote healthy lifestyles and improve overall well-being. PHC is essential for this integration, as it offers specific care measures that can be accessed by the entire population

Adenoid cystic carcinoma in the hard palate: case report

2024-02-01T19:03:25+01:00

Adenoid cystic carcinoma (ACC) is the most common malignant tumor of the minor salivary glands. It is a rare, slow-growing malignant neoplasm, with an unfavorable prognosis, due to its aggressiveness and great potential for recurrence. They represent 3-10% of all head and neck neoplasms, with minor salivary gland tumors accounting for approximately 25% of all salivary gland tumors. In this work we aim to report a case of CAC in the soft palate with rapid evolution and asymptomatic. This tumor is commonly characterized by the presence of pain, a high rate of recurrence, metastasis and poor survival. Carrying out studies monitoring these patients is extremely important for a better assessment of the prognosis of the disease.

The role of the school psychologist in distance learning education during the Covid-19 pandemic

2024-03-12T15:31:43+01:00

The Covid-19 pandemic had a significant impact on education, leading to the closure of schools and eventually the transition to distance learning. In this context, the role of the school psychologist has become essential to provide emotional and psychological support to students, teachers and the school community during remote learning. This article aims to investigate the role of school psychologists in distance learning education during the Covid-19 pandemic, addressing the challenges and intervention strategies used. Challenges include identifying the emotional demands of distance students, the feeling of isolation and adaptation. To overcome these problems, the school psychologist can use communication technologies to maintain contact with students, offering emotional support and promoting partnerships with teachers and families. In addition, it promotes mental health practices focused on preventing psychological disorders. This study highlights the importance of the school psychologist in distance learning education, highlighting the need for adequate investment and support to guarantee the well-being of students.

Nursing Challenges in the Management of Sexually Transmitted Infections during Pregnancy: An Integrative Review

2024-02-20T22:01:18+01:00

Introduction: Sexual intercourse during pregnancy does not pose a risk to the pregnancy, however, it is crucial to consider the possibility of contracting Sexually Transmitted Infections (STIs) that could harm pregnancy or be transmitted vertically. Objective: Evaluate studies regarding the challenges encountered by nurses in relation to STIs during pregnancy. Method: This is an integrative review of the literature, developed in six steps, using the PICo strategy to develop the following guiding question: What are the nursing challenges in managing Sexually Transmitted Infections during pregnancy? The search was carried out in the databases LILACS (Latin American and Caribbean Literature in Health Sciences), PUBMED (National Library of Medicine National Institutes of Health), BDENF (Nursing Database) and used the Boolean operators AND and OR. The following inclusion criteria were used: articles published in Portuguese and English, in the period between 2018 and 2023, primary studies that only addressed pregnant women. Result: 416 articles were found in the databases, after the inclusion, exclusion and full reading criteria, only 7 studies remained for analysis. Discussion: The analysis of the selected articles showed that there are several factors that contribute to non-adherence to condoms, however, the nursing professional has great importance in monitoring these pregnant women and integrating the partner in this process, in addition to preventive interventions in overcoming barriers and training of women to adopt preventive measures during pregnancy. Conclusion: Nursing professionals should invest in awareness-raising strategies, especially during prenatal care, with the aim of promoting the empowerment of pregnant women, control of their sexuality and adoption of safer choices.

Nursing management, a look at intensive care unit: integrative literature review

2024-03-29T22:50:10+01:00

Nursing management involves planning, organizing, directing, controlling and applying work processes to meet the needs of health services in order to keep up with the dynamism that the profession requires. Objective: analyze scientific evidence on nursing management with a view to the intensive care unit. Method: this is an integrative review, with data collection carried out from September 2023 to January 2024, through reading and analysis of articles published in the last 10 years, in the portuguese language, free of charge, available in full in the form online, in the Scielo database and Google Scholar. Results: the articles analyzed show that there are many challenges for the good performance of a nurse manager, ranging from the need for scientific technical improvement to the ability to manage conflicts and provide good working conditions. Conclusion: the modern world requires nurse managers to constantly update their practices, appropriate the technological apparatus, exercise the ability to listen, respect the team in order to manage conflicts and monitor the dynamic transformations in the world of work.

Death as “work companion”: implications on the healthcare team in the hospital context

2024-03-07T23:57:33+01:00

The hospital influence in the healthcare team affects them in their individual constructions, in their relationship with others and the world. Adds to the work, the grieving process from significant losses generated by the bonds created between team, patient and family. The present work has the intention to understand how the healthcare professional is affected when facing death in the hospital context, as well as the possible implications for its psychic functioning. The relationship between stressful situations in the workplace stands out as risk factors, having in return the development of coping strategies as facilitators of adequate elaboration. The research consists of a bibliographical research of an exploratory nature, which used as search field the Periódicos Eletrônicos em Psicologia (PEPsic), o Scientific Electronic Library Online (SciELO), o Portal de Periódicos da Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior - Brasil (CAPES), books, theses and dissertations. It is concluded that the way in which one deals with the psychological suffering resulting from a significant loss, proved to be of fundamental importance in achieving a healthier experience.

Homegardens and their contribution to food and nutritional security of adolescents from the rural settlement Tarumã Mirim-Manaus-AM

2024-02-16T20:10:51+01:00

Knowing the importance of a healthy and adequate diet for health promotion and disease prevention, for this reason the objective of this work was to evaluate the contribution of the species that make up agroforestry backyards to the food consumption of adolescents aged 15 to 19, technological high school students, located in the Tarumã Mirim Settlement. The present study was carried out in a municipal school located in the Ramal do Pau Rosa Community, in the Tarumã Mirim Settlement Project, BR174 (Manaus – Boa Vista section), with access via Km 21, municipality of Manaus – AM. In this work, the Food Consumption Markers Form was used to investigate the eating frequency of adolescents. This form was prepared by SISVAN (Food and Nutrition Surveillance System). The frequency of daily meals was also studied (breakfast, lunch, afternoon snack, dinner and supper) to verify the eating rhythm of these individuals. Parallel to this, a survey of species for food self-consumption of species from productive agroforestry backyards was carried out. The results indicated that the majority of what is produced on the sites is sold and little is consumed by producers, and it was observed that the basis of the teenagers' diet is industrialized products, purchased in the city. Although they consider themselves healthy, they still have to improve their habit of consuming raw vegetables and fruits that are in their backyards.

Early childhood education and curriculum: the (non)place of playing in curricular acts

2024-01-07T22:39:44+01:00

The present study aims to shed light on theoretical reflections concerning the approximations and distances present in the relationship between the Early Childhood Education curriculum and the (non) place of play in curricular construction. The reflection is tensioned by a dichotomy that runs through Early Childhood Education, where, on one hand, we have the dominant and colonizing regulation of adults, conceived through the rationalization of numbers, schedules, and universalizing routines. On the other hand, we have the imaginative and inventive manifestation of play, the child's playful expressiveness, children's culture, and the felt and lived time-space.Thus, using qualitative research of a bibliographic nature as a method, the study was based on theoretical assumptions that deal with the curriculum (SANTOMÉ, 1998; SACRISTÁN, 2000 and MOREIRA E SILVA, 2013) in interface with specific discussions regarding the Early Childhood Education curriculum (OLIVEIRA, 2010, 2011), as well as in the fields of Childhood Sociology (SIROTA, 2001; SARMENTO, 2003, 2004, 2008, 2015; CORSARO, 2011) and Historical-Cultural Psychology (VIGOTSKI, 1991 ; 2008, 2014), to support discussions about the child subject and play, respectively. Starting from the contributions of the Sociology of Childhood, considering that children are part of specific realities, being able to understand and modify them, we believe that the discussion about children's protagonism is fundamental to (re)thinking the curriculum, broadening our view to in order to account for the spaces/places/times intended for children and for playing, with a view to contributing to the expansion of the debate on essential aspects of the curriculum construction of Early Childhood Education.

Use of a didatic model in DNA education with accessibility for visually impaired individuals

2024-02-15T14:13:52+01:00

Over the years, there has been a need for the reinvention of Biology classes, prompting a rethinking of traditional teaching methods. In this context, teachers, as knowledge mediators, must make their Biology classes more dynamic and engaging, contributing to the maximum absorption of knowledge presented in the classroom. Additionally, professionals need to consider approaches that reach students with special needs, such as those with visual impairments. The use of didactic models facilitates a closer experience with the subject of study, and the inclusion of individuals with visual impairments in regular education contributes to breaking paradigms, recognizing that these students possess the same cognitive abilities and learning possibilities. Accordingly, efforts were made to produce a DNA structure with accessibility for individuals with visual impairments. 3D double strands of DNA were constructed, with each nitrogenous base represented in braille, allowing tactile engagement for visually impaired individuals to identify the present nitrogenous base. Furthermore, the double helix was identified using readily available materials, enabling them to feel the division of the nucleic acid into two parts with each touch. In this study, we developed playful strategies in the classroom, fostering an effective teaching and learning process in Biology.

Parental alienation in the constitutional perspective: a panorama of family change and right

2024-03-25T04:26:54+01:00

The regulation of social relationships is attributed to the law from birth, and when one enters private life, it's possible to observe various facets of civil law. Nevertheless, it is possible to observe the broad scope of rules in parental relationships, especially regarding the protection of children and adolescents. The objective of this research was to analyze the modifications arising from parental alienation in divorce court cases in accordance with Brazil's Federal Constitution of 1988. Empirical research methodology was used, analyzing bibliographies and documents, presented in a qualitative approach. The analysis covered two cases in the Supreme Court and jurisprudence from other courts. It was concluded that this common practice in relationships demands an interdisciplinary approach by the judge, involving professionals such as doctors, psychologists, social workers, etc. Nevertheless, this practice occurs recurrently in the courts, and a set of actions carried out by ex-spouses against their children arising from separation, as well as other types of violence, need to be pointed out whenever possible in reports and intra-family accompaniment.

Analysis of the publications of the brazilian journal of public policy (2020-2021): an examination of the addressed public issues

2024-03-02T02:37:50+01:00

This article aims to analyze the publications of the Brazilian Journal of Public Policy during the period 2020-2021, focusing on the addressed public problems. It maps the main public issues or research problems discussed in this journal and investigates whether they emerged as a consequence of the global health crisis or if they are persistent problems that worsened or gained prominence due to the COVID-19 pandemic. Despite the study's restricted timeframe of two (2) years, it offers a comprehensive view of scientific production in public policies, enabling the generation of data to support decision-making in public management.

Use of compost-prepared substrate for seedling production: a systematic literature review

2024-04-14T21:10:05+02:00

This study consists of a systematic literature review on the use of alternative substrates in the composting of urban solid waste, aiming to compile information and conduct a comparative analysis to identify the most effective compounds in different approaches. Articles published in databases such as the Portal Capes between the years 2014 and 2023 were analyzed. The results highlight the prevalence of studies investigating waste such as animal manure, plant residues used in primary production, and municipal waste. These resources, derived from waste reuse, contribute to environmental preservation and promote the generation of clean and renewable energy. However, there is a challenge in developing substrates adapted to each region, such as in the Amazon Region, using local raw materials that, depending on how they are disposed of, lead to serious environmental problems. Therefore, it is crucial to advance in this field, considering the vast potential of industrial waste, agricultural residues, and other raw materials available in these regions.

Characteristics associated with access to public dental services among pregnant women in the Federal District – Brazil

2023-12-18T18:50:24+01:00

This study evaluated the access of pregnant women to dental care in oral health teams in the Federal District through the analysis of dental consultation indicators. The study was conducted based on the extraction of secondary data from national health information systems. Using the e-SUS reports from the Health Department of the Federal District for the year 2019, all seven regions of the Federal District were adopted as units of analysis, namely Central, South-Central, East, North, West, Southwest, and South. Data collection was carried out from March to July 2019. The data was then collected and exported to Microsoft Excel 2007 (Microsoft Corp., United States of America), grouped according to the dental care subgroups to be analyzed, and presented in absolute and relative frequencies. For the analysis of the time series evolution of the indicators, simple linear regression analysis was performed using the Statistical Package for the Social Sciences (SPSS) software, with statistical significance evaluated based on the F-test result of the analysis of variance, considered at a 5% level. ANOVA and Tukey's test were performed with a significance level of 5% using the Statistica 2010 program. The results indicate that access to dental care is not equally distributed, and there are differences among the regions of the Federal District regarding the quantity of dental care for pregnant women, which is highly diverse. Therefore, this study highlights the need for the qualification of public policies through further studies, new actions, and the development of public measures that provide better access to these population groups. Keywords: Primary Health Care. Pregnant Women. Dental Care. Access.

Plants in the constitution of teachers: training and practice in Biology

2024-01-20T17:56:38+01:00

The research aims to analyze the curriculum of Biological Sciences , in order to verify how the knowledge related to plants is available, as well as to verify their suitability for the training and practice of Biology teachers in the metropolitan region. Manaus, in the sense of valuing popular Amazonian knowledge about plants. It is a research with a qualitative approach, based on the analysis of the interviews and questionnaires of Biology teachers from the city of Manaus, as well as through the analysis of official documents. The data were treated using Textual Discursive Analysis. Based on the analyzes carried out, it was possible to understand how the teaching of contents associated with plants is taking place in the training of teachers and, consequently, in the training of basic education students. Based on the Discursive Textual Analysis, we obtained four categories that emerged from the teachers 'statements: Teaching aimed at the classroom, Spaces and structures in schools, Teacher's relations with plants and Teaching of Botany. It was possible to verify that during the initial training of teachers, the disciplines that address contents associated with plants are very specific, in what we call Pure Botany (Taxonomy, Systematics, Anatomy and Physiology), with no contextual relationship with these disciplines the future teaching practice of graduates. Thus, according to their teaching constitution, which involves the knowledge and experiences of each teacher, some developed skills in the practice of teaching Botany, others in turn, perform superficial activities. Based on these results, we encourage reflection and also a reformulation of the undergraduate curriculum so that they include in the official documents, a relationship between the specific disciplines of Botany and the practice of the future teacher, so that when training the teachers, they are trained to promote a learning of contents associated with plants with practices that consider the student's thematic universe as a structuring element of their practices, since the knowledge of this area is essential in the formation of Amazonians who understand the relevance of their knowledge for the preservation of their biocultural memory.

Applications of teriparate on jaw osteonecrosis associated with the use of biphosphanates in implantodontics: an integrative review

2024-04-10T16:41:41+02:00

Dentistry is constantly concerned with the bone quality of its patients. This variable will determine the clinical success of surgical interventions, implant installation, and maintenance of teeth in the oral cavity. In this perspective, patients with osteoporosis are a population that requires greater attention. The current treatment for osteoporosis occurs through the use of bisphosphonates, however, its use is associated with cases of osteonecrosis of the jaws. Teriparatide is a medication that has been studied for the control of bone metabolism and demonstrates potential for dental use. Thus, this study sought to validate the use of teriparatide in the context of bisphosphonate-associated jaw osteonecrosis and its influence on Implantology. Teriparatide is a recombinant parathyroid hormone drug and has anabolic effects on bone metabolism, stimulating osteoblast differentiation and increasing osteocyte activity. Thus, bone anabolism can be thought of as a way to recover clinical conditions with significant losses of mineralized tissue, assisting in the patient's rehabilitation process. In dentistry, the use of teriparatide is associated with higher and better levels of implant osseointegration and positive effects on periodontal tissues. Its use can also be enhanced by supplementation of vitamin D and calcium. In light of these findings, the use of teriparatide may be an alternative for osteoporosis control in the face of bisphosphonates during the period when dental implant installation or bone surgeries in the head and neck region are planned, reducing the risks of necrosis in the area. However, it is important to emphasize that clinical studies still lack more robust experimental designs and larger samples so that teriparatide is truly a valid and safe choice for patients.

Use of lactate in hemodynamic monitoring of critically ill patients in the Intensive Care Unit

2024-02-07T18:44:56+01:00

Haemodynamic monitoring is a central pillar of intensive care. Haemodynamic variables are commonly checked at the bedside, such as heart rate, blood pressure and capillary refill time. Among the haemodynamic monitoring variables, lactate can be useful in the intensive care setting. Increased lactate is traditionally associated with tissue hypoxia, confirmed by clinical studies, which have shown a relationship between increased lactate and reduced tissue oxygen supply (DO2). However, mechanisms other than tissue hypoxia can also trigger an increase in lactate. Lactate can be used as a prognostic marker, since a reduction in lactate in patients with shock has been associated with less organ dysfunction, shorter duration of mechanical ventilation and ICU stay, and reduced mortality. However, the use of lactate clarification should be used with caution as it can cause harm to patients.

Ozone therapy in the wound healing process

2024-03-19T17:19:14+01:00

Abstract

Objective: To investigate the effects of ozone therapy on the regeneration and repair process of tissues affected by wounds. Methods: This is an integrative literature review. A detailed research on the topic was carried out by searching the databases: MEDLINE (Online Medical Literature Search and Analysis System), LILACS (Latin American and Caribbean Literature in Sciences), SciELO (Online Scientific Electronic Library) and BDENF (Nursing Database). The inclusion criteria were: publications (original and free scientific articles), written in Portuguese and English, published in the last 10 years and available in full. For data analysis, the articles were read in full, in order to collect information and establish a comparison between the authors' approaches. The following descriptors were selected in DeCs: "Ozone Therapy", "Healing" and "Wounds. Results: 10 articles were found, 05 articles were excluded and the 05 selected brought the positive impacts of ozone therapy in the results. Conclusion: Ozone therapy causes beneficial effects on the tissue repair process, even though different application routes are used in different tissues.

The use of ultrasound in the evaluation of lean body mass and the forethought of clinical outcomes in critical patients

2024-01-19T22:01:31+01:00

Muscle loss in critically ill patients is common due to prolonged immobilization, inflammatory state, severity of the underlying disease, metabolic complications and difficulty in adequate intake of essential nutrients. In these patients, monitoring nutritional status is essential, but challenging due to practical limitations in intensive care environments. In this context, ultrasound has emerged as a promising bedside tool for muscle mass assessment. This integrative literature review aims to answer the following question: do reductions in muscle quality and quantity have implications for clinical outcomes in critically ill patients? The search for scientific articles was conducted through an electronic search on the PubMed portal, with inclusion criteria that included full articles available electronically, published in Portuguese, English, or Spanish, addressing muscle quality/quantity (evaluated by ultrasound) and clinical outcomes in adult critical patients (age > 18 years). Studies focused on the pectoral and diaphragm muscles, research with non-critical patients, review articles and presentation letters were excluded from the sample. Fifteen studies, totaling 992 patients, met the selection criteria. The reductions observed during the hospitalization period were significant and progressive, establishing a consistent correlation with clinical and functional outcomes in most studies. The increase in echogenicity and reductions in thickness and muscle area appear to be related to increased mortality, mechanical ventilation time, hospitalization time, organ dysfunction and worsening functional capacity. This set of evidence highlights the importance of muscle assessment and ultrasound as a valuable tool to understand and anticipate clinical developments in critically ill patients.

Evaluation of the usability of CARPeDia: app for the prevention of diabetic foot ulcers

2024-03-01T19:20:19+01:00

The study aimed to analyze the usability and acceptability of the CARPeDia application, built with an approach to the prevention of diabetic foot ulcers, to be made available free of charge to society and act as a facilitator of early detection and prevention of one of the main complications of diabetes. This is a descriptive, quantitative study, based on the use of the application and 2 evaluations: Scale of Usability of the Sistema-SUS, which measures the usability of the application, and a sociodemographic evaluation, which listed the doubts of the participants during use. of the app. The inclusion of participants was people with diabetes and health professionals from the Family Health Strategy, aged 18 years or older, who agreed to participate in the research and signed the Free and Informed Consent Form, in the city of Lavras , Minas Gerais (CAAE 48791421.7.0000.5116). The usability score found was 96,8 (0-100) which indicates that the application is in excellent conditions for use and, therefore, the usability of the CARPeDIA application is effective and it should be used by the community and health professionals. health.

Care for Maternal Grief After Perinatal Loss: An Integrative Review

2024-04-09T14:08:17+02:00

Objective: To analyze the available literature on care in the context of maternal grief after perinatal loss. Methodology: The present study is an integrative review, which has the function of grouping, characterizing, analyzing and summarizing the best evidence present in published studies. To prepare the guiding question and choose the best descriptors, the PICO strategy was used, which resulted in the guiding question: What scientific evidence is available on grief care after perinatal death? Results: In this research, 3 articles were included after screening. It was found that publications in Brazilian literature were not included in the research, with all articles included being of foreign origin. Conclusion: Based on this research, it is possible to infer that studies on interventions in the face of perinatal grief are still very scarce and there is an urgent need to carry out robust studies to serve as a basis for future protocols and guides that help health professionals to manage in the best way the mourning of parents who lost their children in the perinatal period.

Reflections on the challenges faced by the multidisciplinary team regarding the comprehensiveness of care in Primary Health Care

2024-03-18T19:34:49+01:00

This study proposes a reflection on the challenges faced by the multidisciplinary team in relation to comprehensive care in Primary Health Care. It was a theoretical-reflective study, exploratory in nature and with a qualitative approach. This was divided into two main parts. In the first part, entitled "Comprehensiveness of care in Primary Health Care through Comprehensiveness", the fundamental concepts related to the comprehensiveness of care in Primary Health Care are discussed, highlighting the importance of a holistic approach that considers the physical, emotional, social and cultural aspects of users. In the second part, called "Promotion of comprehensiveness by the multidisciplinary team in Primary Health Care", reflections are presented on the actions and attitudes that can be adopted by the multidisciplinary team to promote comprehensive care in everyday practice, highlighting the importance of effective communication , home visits, reception and interdisciplinary collaboration. By addressing these themes, the study sought to contribute to the improvement of assistance in Primary Health Care, aiming to guarantee a comprehensive and user-centered approach.

Dengue vaccine vs. Circulating serotype: a discussion of vaccine coverage according to the epidemiology of regions in Brazil

2024-02-25T00:07:57+01:00

Arboviruses pose a significant challenge to public health, manifesting through nonspecific symptoms such as fever, headache, myalgia, body pain, as well as pain behind the eyes. Additionally, dengue can progress to more severe forms, such as dengue hemorrhagic fever or shock, especially in cases of sequential infections by serotypes to which the individual has not yet been exposed. In this study, 54 documents were consulted, including scientific articles, epidemiological bulletins, publications on official websites, and technical data sheets, in order to better understand the panorama of this arbovirus. We observed that in different regions of the country, all serotypes are registered to be in circulation, however, the predominance of one serotype over the other may exist. Regarding the vaccines available in Brazil, such as Dengvaxia® and QDenga®, both approved by ANVISA, it was decided to include QDenga® in the National Immunization Program (PNI). This choice was based on its ability to be administered to both seropositive and seronegative individuals, and its efficacy against all four serotypes simultaneously, prioritizing the most vulnerable groups. This decision was especially guided for regions where new dengue subtypes are emerging, and cases are increasing. As indicated by the analyzed publications, QDenga® proves to be promising in the Brazilian context, standing out for its efficacy and flexibility of use. These results underscore the ongoing importance of epidemiological surveillance and the development of prevention and control strategies to address vector-borne diseases.

Assessment of platinum-induced nephrotoxicity in patients undergoing chemotherapy treatment

2024-02-02T01:57:21+01:00

704 thousand new cases of cancer are expected in Brazil for each year of the 2023-2025 triennium. Cancer treatment modalities involve surgery, chemotherapy and radiotherapy. However, antineoplastic drugs can affect normally functioning body cells, generating toxic effects on the body. Among the chemotherapy drugs used in the treatment of cancer, cisplatin was one of the first platinum-derived compounds to be discovered, however its use limiting factor is the development of complications such as nephrotoxicity. After the discovery of side effects in the use of cisplatin, an attempt was made to obtain analogues that produced fewer side effects, leading to the second generation of platinum, carboplatin and then oxaliplatin. The objective was to evaluate the occurrence of platinum-induced nephrotoxicity in patients undergoing chemotherapy treatment with these antineoplastics. A descriptive analysis of all study variables was carried out. 160 patients participated in the study. The majority were female, representing 62.5%. Around 57.5% of patients were under 60 years of age, and 73% of the sample declared themselves as brown/yellow. The majority did not have comorbidities and did not have harmful lifestyle habits. 30% of patients had metastasis. Of the total sample, 28 patients were identified with Stage 1 Acute Kidney Injury, 1 patient with Stage 2, and 2 patients with Stage 3. The most nephrotoxic drug was cisplatin. Male patients and those with metastases were more likely to develop kidney damage during the use of platinum. From the research, it was possible to draw a profile of patients who used platinum-derived antineoplastics and identify the medication most involved in this problem. Expanding knowledge on the topic allows strategies to be designed to prevent the problem, promoting treatment with fewer adverse reactions for cancer patients.

The participation of women as coaches in futsal teams in Paraná

2024-01-11T18:27:23+01:00

The objective of the present study was to elucidate the terms under which women are included as coaches of professional futsal teams of Paraná. To this end, five women registered as coaches in the gold key of the Paraná championship were interviewed, aged 38 ± 8 years, with 18 ± 6 years of profession, with their responses organized according to Bardin's content analysis theory (1977). With regard to insertion in sport, it is noted that it occurs through social circles made up of family and friends, first as spectators, moving on to athletes and later to coaches. This last position occurs primarily through academic training, where the first experiences with sports management already take place, not necessarily in the modality, but which they use as an initiation into work practice, transferring this field of knowledge and experiences to management. in their clubs and participation in competitions, absorbing other characters (managers, athletes, fans, referees and opponents) in the meantime, where they report that there is still a lot of prejudice, even if veiled, but that overcoming this barrier is just another motivation to work. In short, it is possible to conclude that the space for women in futsal has been expanded on several fronts, and for there to be an increase in the number of coaches, it is necessary to expand access and consequently, the number of practitioners in the sport, thus building a network of women who practice, understand.

O estudo das células no ensino médio: desafios e possibilidades

2024-02-23T23:40:46+01:00

A Biologia Celular é uma área da Biologia que possibilita conhecer a forma, a função e a localização das diferentes células que formam os seres vivos. Entretanto, quando esse estudo é abordado na educação básica, pode ser um desafio para os professores, em especial para aqueles de escolas públicas e com poucos recursos disponíveis para o processo de ensino, o que pode tornar o conteúdo abstrato. Contudo, é imprescindível que os estudantes da educação básica, sobretudo, do ensino médio, tenham conhecimentos acerca das diferentes células que formam o corpo humano, para compreender a relação das células com a reprodução humana, transplante de órgãos, doação e recebimento de sangue, bem como, com a manifestação de algumas doenças como o câncer. Por esta razão, o objetivo desse trabalho foi favorecer o conhecimento, a compreensão e a importância do estudo das células, relacionando o conteúdo ao cotidiano dos estudantes. Para o desenvolvimento deste estudo, utilizou-se o construtivismo, que insere os estudantes no processo de ensino e aprendizagem. O presente estudo foi realizado de fevereiro a abril de 2023, em duas escolas estaduais de Manaus, com estudantes do 1° ano do ensino médio. Visando favorecer uma educação construtivista e significativa para os estudantes, o trabalho consistiu nas seguintes etapas: aulas expositivas dialogadas, estudo dirigido e pesquisas, produção de um álbum de células do corpo humano, elaboração de um livreto e de representações de células com massa de modelar. As atividades foram diversificadas, de modo a garantir a reflexão e autonomia nas atividades individuais, e a cooperação e troca de ideias e articulações nas atividades em grupos, propiciando o trabalho em equipe e o desenvolvimento social dos estudantes. Os trabalhos desenvolvidos foram expostos para a comunidade escolar, de modo a promover o espírito de pertencimento, autoconfiança e troca de conhecimentos entre os estudantes.

The efficacy of cognitive behavioral therapy (CBT) in combating eating disorders: anorexia nervosa and bulimia nervosa

2024-04-01T18:04:54+02:00

Eating Disorders (EDs) are complex psychiatric conditions that predominantly affect adolescents and young adult females, causing significant biological and psychological harm. Among them, anorexia nervosa (AN) and bulimia nervosa (BN) are characterized as the main types, sharing symptoms such as weight obsession and body image distortion. Thus, using a bibliographic method and reviewing sources written in Portuguese and English containing keywords such as "eating disorders," "psychotherapy," and "Cognitive-Behavioral Therapy (CBT)" produced over the past 5 years, this article aims to investigate the efficacy of CBT in the treatment of EDs, focusing on AN and BN. During its development, it was evident that although the cultural beauty standard is an important factor in the establishment of these disorders, it is not the only one, sharing space with genetic predisposition and psychological changes. Additionally, while behavioral therapy and family therapy demonstrate efficacy in the treatment of EDs, CBT stands out as the most widely recognized and evidence-backed approach, acting to modify dysfunctional thought and behavior patterns using a flexible approach and active collaboration. Therefore, although further research is needed to update corroborative aspects, its crucial role in self-management behavior, modification of maladaptive cognitions, anxiety reduction, and understanding of the dynamics of eating disorders makes it an essential tool in promoting recovery and psychological well-being in individuals affected by EDs.

Frequency and profile of myelotoxicity induced by chemotherapy in oncology patients at a public hospital in the Federal District

2024-02-01T23:05:57+01:00

Myelosuppression induced by chemotherapeutic agents, defined as the presence of anemia (hemoglobin < 10.0 g/dL), neutropenia (absolute neutrophil count < 1.5×109/L), and/or thrombocytopenia (platelets < 75×109/L), leads to numerous complications for oncology patients. This condition is associated with an increased risk of infections, fatigue, bleeding, escalating healthcare costs, worsening quality of life, and treatment performance deterioration, occasionally requiring dose reduction or cycle postponement. The aim of this study was to investigate the incidence and delineate the profile of chemotherapy-induced myelotoxicity in adult cancer patients at the Regional Hospital of Taguatinga. A descriptive cross-sectional study was conducted, and data were collected from January to December 2022. The analyzed population comprised 267 patients, with an average age of 56.6 years and a predominance of females (73.4%), with breast cancer being the most frequent site. The most prescribed pharmacological class was alkylating agents, recommended for 230 patients. The most frequently prescribed protocols were doxorubicin + cyclophosphamide, with 88 patients (33%), cisplatin monotherapy, with 41 patients (15.4%), oxaliplatin + capecitabine, with 40 patients (15%), and carboplatin + paclitaxel, with 37 patients (13.8%). The carboplatin + paclitaxel protocol was associated with a higher incidence of anemia. On the other hand, the doxorubicin + cyclophosphamide protocol showed a higher propensity for neutropenia, regardless of the grade. Moreover, approximately half of the patients undergoing the oxaliplatin + capecitabine protocol presented with grade 2 thrombocytopenia. Comparative analysis of each parameter associated with myelotoxicity was performed in each chemotherapy cycle, revealing differences between the protocols, ranging from increasing, sporadic, or already evident toxicity in the first cycle, with grade 2 being more frequently observed. These changes manifested after chemotherapy administration, emphasizing the need for ongoing monitoring and interventions.

Global warming and environmental changes: the perception of high school students

2024-02-22T16:24:52+01:00

The atmosphere is essential for life on Earth, as it maintains the conditions necessary for the survival of living beings. However, in recent decades, as a result of human actions, we are experiencing changes in the Earth's thermal balance and, as a consequence, drastic changes are occurring in several global biomes. These changes are related to changes in the concentration of atmospheric gases, in particular, in the concentration of carbon dioxide (CO₂), methane (CH₄), nitrous oxide (N₂O) and hydrofluorocarbons (HFCs), which raise the world temperature. This change in atmospheric composition alters the greenhouse effect and contributes to global warming, resulting in climate changes, the intensity of storms, melting of polar ice caps, intensification of periods of drought and heat waves, changes in the flow of rivers, among other things. In view of the above, it is necessary for high school students to understand the changes in the current world scenario and their impact on future generations. For this reason, the objective of the present study was to understand students' perception of the influence of the increase in greenhouse gases and their contribution to global warming, identifying the consequences of these processes for the Amazon region. The study was carried out in a state school located in the south of Manaus, with students in the first and second year of high school. This is research with a mixed approach, predominantly qualitative, carried out by surveying students' prior knowledge, carrying out dialogued expository classes, research, guided study, production of models, preparation of a booklet and a game on the topic in question. The data analysis was descriptive and as a result it was verified that it is necessary to continue raising awareness among students about their role in environmental conservation. The research results were disseminated to the school community.

Challenges faced by the nursing team in suicide prevention in primary health care: an integrative review

2024-03-31T00:58:43+01:00

The present study is an integrative literature review that aims to investigate and describe the characteristics of nursing care for patients with suicidal behavior in primary health care. To compile the included articles, searches were carried out in three databases: PubMed, Scielo and VHL, using the descriptors "Nurses and nurses", "Primary Care Nursing" and "Suicide", as selected in DECS. From this search, 10 articles were selected. In the discussion of the results, four main thematic axes were identified: "Role of the primary care nurse in suicide prevention", "Challenges of the nursing team in suicide prevention", "Preventive actions against suicide" and "Continuing education as an agent of change". Subsequently, the importance of nursing professionals in preventing suicidal behavior is highlighted.

Cervical cancer: the importance of early detection in women's health

2024-04-20T22:38:15+02:00

Introduction: Cervical Cancer (CC) represents a major challenge for Brazilian public health, consolidating itself as the third factor in women's deaths due to malignant neoplasms in Brazil. The Pap smear (preventive exam) favors the early detection of cervical cancer; when associated with the treatment of endoepithelial lesions, it can cause a great reduction in the incidence of this type of neoplasia. Objective: To evaluate the impact of performing the Pap smear on early identification of the disease and reducing the rate of high-grade lesions caused by cervical cancer. Methodology: This article is a quantitative and descriptive study about cases of cervical cancer and the importance of early detection in women's health in the state of Bahia. Results: In Brazil, more precisely in the Northeast region, around 20 new cases are identified for every 100 thousand women. It appears that the number of high-grade lesions identified in women who underwent previous cytology (screening) obtains a lower percentage when compared to the number of lesions that were identified in women who had not previously undergone preventive examination. Considerations: After carrying out this study, it was possible to understand the importance of periodically carrying out the Pap smear and reducing the rates of high-grade lesions in women who periodically and previously underwent cervical cytology. This effectively and categorically demonstrates the ability to track, diagnose and improve prognoses in the fight against cervical cancer.

Kinetics of decomposition of plant organic matter and release of edaphic CO2 in cropping systems and forest areas

2024-02-18T18:03:17+01:00

Analyzes of gases produced by the soil provide important indications of the root and microbial processes that occur there. Studies of CO₂ evolution and O₂ diffusion, within the soil mass and rhizosphere, can show the predominant interactions between soil microorganisms and the decomposition of organic matter. Due to limited information on these processes, the present work aimed to evaluate the dynamics of decomposition of plant residues of Schinus terebinthifolius and Gliricidia sepium and edaphic respiration in different soil use and management systems.The choice of species was due to the fact that they have diverse uses and have been introduced in several microregions of northeastern Brazil, especially in the semi-arid region. Monitoring of edaphic respiration was carried out between February 21st and June 23rd, 2022, during the rainy season in the region. Five land use and occupation systems were used: Agricultural Mandala (MA), Forest (F), Agroforestry System (SA), Palm Monoculture (MP) and Degraded Area (AD). To quantify the carbon dioxide released in each system, the methodology proposed by Grisi (1978) was used. The results demonstrated that different cropping and forest systems influence the decomposition of leaf biomass of G. sepium and S. terebinthifolius. The decomposition speed of G. sepium is higher in the MP cultivation system, followed by AD, FL, MA and SAF. The decomposition speed of S. terebinthifolius is highest in the AD area, followed by MP, MA, FL and SAF. The different forms of land use and cover interfere with edaphic respiration. Systems with greater human intervention release more CO₂ into the atmosphere. Areas of natural vegetation act as CO₂ receptors and wells. The SAF system emits the greatest amount of CO₂, followed by MA, AD, MP and FL.

The family as a subject: the centrality of care and knowledge in family health guidance

2024-03-28T20:04:11+01:00

The derived attribute family orientation recognizes the family as the main source of physical, emotional and social support. This emphasizes the centrality of care by providing an environment for learning and internalizing self-care practices and healthy habits since childhood. Furthermore, it offers emotional and affective support, being a crucial space for recovery and coping with illnesses. This study proposed to explore the importance of the family as a subject of health care, highlighting the centrality of care and knowledge in family guidance. This is a reflective study, of a qualitative nature, which took as assumptions the attributes of PHC, in particular the derived attribute “family guidance” proposed by Bárbara Starfield based on the discussions of the Research Group "Technological Assistance Models and Promotion of Health" from the School of Nursing of the University of São Paulo. In this way, it explores the importance of the family as a subject of health care and knowledge in family guidance. The family acts in the coordination of care, serving as a point of contact between different health service providers. Therefore, the importance of family guidance and knowledge in promoting health and strengthening family ties is undeniable, contributing to the development of healthier and more resilient communities.

Homosexuality, self-acceptance and “coming out of the closet”: ethnic identity constructions of young homosexuals from the interior of Barra do Choça - Bahia

2024-01-27T10:50:30+01:00

This study is part of the results obtained in the master's thesis entitled "Ethnic Identities of Young Homosexuals in Barra do Choça-BA: Family, Self-Acceptance, and 'Coming Out,'" whose analysis addressed the ethnic identity constructions of young homosexuals, tracing the path from self-acceptance to what is commonly known as "coming out." The research was conducted in the Barra Nova community, located in the municipality of Barra do Choça, Bahia. The theoretical-methodological approach and analysis are based on the oral accounts of four young individuals, using the Oral History methodology. Two moments stand out in the narratives: the discovery and the revelation of homosexuality. The results indicate that the ethnic identities of the analyzed young homosexuals are constructed through their interactions in the community, with family, and among friends, thus characterizing a process of social production.

Morbidity and mortality due to cholecystitis and biliary cholelithiasis in Brazil, macro-regions and states in the period 2012-2021

2024-03-07T18:54:31+01:00

Objectives: to describe the epidemiological profile of morbidity and mortality due to cholecystitis and cholelithiasis in Brazil and its regions, between 2012 and 2021; evaluate the temporal trend of morbidity and mortality due to cholecystitis and cholelithiasis in Brazil and its regions in the same period. Methods: Ecological time series study with open data on mortality and hospital admissions for cholecystitis and cholelithiasis in Brazil. Data were studied in the period 2012-2021, according to region of the country, state and cause of death/hospitalization. Mortality and hospitalization rates were calculated using the IBGE resident population in the locations and years evaluated. The temporal trend was calculated using the JoinPoint model, where the Annual Percentage Variation (APV) was considered growth when positive, decreasing when negative and stationary when not significant (p>0.05). Results: In Brazil, 38,370 deaths from cholecystitis and cholelithiasis were recorded from 2012-2021. The average Brazilian rate was 1.86 deaths/100 thousand and 118.24 hospitalizations/100 thousand. Brazil showed a decrease of 4.9% per year in hospitalizations. The state of Maranhão was the only one to show a growth in hospitalizations of 3.3% per year. In terms of mortality, seven states showed annual growth, with Roraima standing out with an increase of 18.7% per year. In the North, Northeast and South regions, an increase in mortality rates of 1.9%, 2.1% and 1.3% per year, respectively, was identified. Conclusion: In Brazil, high rates of hospital morbidity and mortality due to cholecystitis and cholelithiasis were identified. Regarding the temporal trend, there was an annual reduction in hospital admissions in some states and in all Brazilian macro-regions and mortality increased, especially in the North and Northeast regions.

Challenges in nursing care in prison environment

2024-04-17T19:45:31+02:00

Introduction: Prison environments represent a challenging context for the provision of healthcare, especially for nursing professionals. Historically marked by poor living conditions and inadequate healthcare systems, prisons face a series of structural challenges that directly impact the health and well-being of inmates. In this context, nurses play a crucial role in promoting health and preventing diseases within prisons. Objective: To analyze the challenges in nursing care in the prison environment. Methods: This is an integrative literature review, following five steps with searches in the databases BVS, LILACS, BDENF, MEDLINE, SciELO, and PUBMED from 2019 to 2024. Results: 97 articles were found, and 16 articles were used for the study elaboration. Discussion: The lack of prior preparation of nursing staff compromises the effectiveness of healthcare provided to inmates. The absence of specific training contributes to the overload and stress of nursing professionals, negatively impacting the quality of care provided. Conclusion: To overcome the difficulties faced in the prison environment, it is essential to adopt multidisciplinary and inclusive approaches. Investing in the training of nursing professionals and improving their working conditions is essential to ensure an environment conducive to the provision of quality healthcare.

The role of the family in promoting healthy aging in the elderly: an integrative review

2024-02-16T17:31:02+01:00

The study aimed to investigate the importance of the family in promoting healthy aging in the elderly in scientific literature. This is a bibliographic research of the integrative literature review type, with data extracted from LILACS, BDENF and IBECS via the VHL, SCOPUS and WEB OF SCIENCE platforms. 1299 primary study articles were identified whose theme was on the role of the family in the healthy aging of the elderly population, published in English, Spanish and Portuguese in the years 2018 to 2023 through the Descriptors in Sciences and Health (DECS) and Medical Subject Headings (MESH) indexed in the aforementioned databases. The exclusion criteria were: duplicate production, theses and dissertations, review articles, opinion articles and theoretical essays, letters to the editor, bulletins and summaries, incomplete articles, books, monographs, manuals and guides. The results showed that there is an aging population and for it to be healthy, the family needs to understand how this process occurs, the particularities of this phase of life, even with changes in family patterns there is a need to continue care and attention to elderly. It is concluded from this work that along with population aging, there is a need to know the senescence process of the human being and all the characteristics attributed to it, family is the main support network for the elderly, being the closest people who care in moments of dependence

Gut-Brain Axis and Psychological Disorders: An Integrative Review on Probiotics and Prebiotics

2024-03-27T16:52:42+01:00

This review aims to explore the potential benefits of probiotics and prebiotics in the treatment of psychological disorders, particularly by examining the bidirectional communication between the gut and the brain. Studies in animals and humans have suggested that gastrointestinal dysfunctions can contribute to the etiology of mental disorders, and probiotics have shown promise in alleviating these conditions. However, further research is needed to identify specific bacterial strains that contribute to well-being and evaluate the long-term effects of probiotic use in humans. The gut-brain axis represents a bidirectional communication pathway that may play a crucial role in this relationship. Understanding the impact of the gut microbiota on mental health could pave the way for new therapeutic approaches in the future.

Assessment of cardiotoxicity in patients with breast cancer undergoing treatment with trastuzumab in an oncology unit in the Federal District

2024-01-26T02:19:49+01:00

Breast cancer is a group of diseases with a high incidence in the Brazilian population and its treatment involves the use of cardiotoxic antineoplastics. This work aims to analyze cardiotoxicity in patients with human epidermal growth factor receptor type 2 breast cancer undergoing treatment with trastuzumab at the oncology outpatient clinic of the Hospital Regional de Taguatinga – Federal District, through a cross-sectional study in the period between January from 2022 to December 2022, using the Left Ventricular Ejection Fraction values before and during antineoplastic treatment. In addition, information such as age, comorbidities and harmful habits were also verified to create a profile of the patients. 34 patients were included in the research, all of whom were female, with a predominance of age under 60 years and brown/yellow color/race. Regarding clinical characteristics, the majority of patients did not have other comorbidities and did not use new lifestyle habits, with only three having a reduction in the value of the Left Ventricular Ejection Fraction ≥ 16% and among these, two with lower values to 55%. In general, breast cancer treatment can result in cardiotoxicity, and this adverse effect is present in patients undergoing treatment at the Taguatinga Regional Hospital.

Germination of cereus jamacaru dc. Subsp. Jamacaru from four areas of curimataú oriental paraíbano subjected to different temperatures

2024-02-14T20:01:32+01:00

Cereus jamacaru DC. subsp. jamacaru, belonging to the Cactaceae family and endemic to Brazil, is predominantly found in the Northeast region. It is a species that thrives in areas with dry climates and shallow soils, exhibiting robust growth within temperatures ranging between 20°C and 30°C. This study aimed to investigate the germination potential of mandacaru seeds from four areas within the Curimataú Oriental in the municipality of Solânea-PB, subjected to two temperatures, constituting a 4 x 2 factorial design. The germination test was conducted with 4 replicates of 50 seeds, using "blotting paper" as the substrate, totaling 200 seeds per treatment, at temperatures of 25°C and 30°C, designed in a completely randomized design. The variables analyzed were germination, germination speed index (GSI), and mean germination time (MGT). Germination was not influenced by temperatures; however, the GSI and MGT stood out at 30°C. Concerning the areas, seeds from the Salgado area exhibited higher germination averages, while Varjota and Palma showed higher GSI and MGT, respectively. C. jamacaru seeds from the Curimataú Paraibano region in Solânea presented significant differences in germination among the studied areas, with Salgado area recording the highest mean (97%). Cereus jamacaru DC. subsp. jamacaru at 30°C displayed increased vigor concerning GSI, especially in the Varjota area. In the Palma area, the seeds exhibited a shorter mean germination time (4.01 days) at 30°C.

Secular analysis of the mortality trend due to Inguinal Hernia in Brazil between 2002 and 2021: an epidemiological study

2024-03-22T02:18:08+01:00

Objective: To analyze the trend in the mortality rate due to Inguinal Hernia (IH) in Brazil over a 20-year period. Methods: ecological and descriptive study on Mortality due to IH in Brazil between 2002-2021 using the variables region/federation unit, race/color, sex, age group and education. Publicly accessible secondary data from the Mortality Information System of the Ministry of Health, accessed through DATASUS via Tabnet, was used. Mortality rates were calculated for the population estimated in the IBGE Census for each year analyzed. Due to the lack of population estimates for the variables race/color and education, the death proportions were calculated. The temporal trend was estimated using the Paris-Winsten Regression model, whose Annual Percentage Variation was considered reduction when negative results, growth when positive and stationary trend when there is no statistical significance (p>0.05). Results: In Brazil, 11,813 deaths from IH were recorded from 2002-2021. The Brazilian Average Mortality Rate (MMR) was 0.30 deaths/100 thousand. The Northeast and North regions had the highest and lowest national MMR, respectively, 0.33/100 thousand and 0.26/100 thousand. There was an increase of 5.5% per year in deaths due to IH in the country with 24 states showing an increasing trend, 3 a stationary trend and none showing a reduction. Most age groups showed a growth trend, especially between 30-39 years old. Both sexes showed positive VPA, being higher in males. There was a reduction in ignored data in relation to the variables education and race/color. Conclusion: There was an increase in mortality due to IH in all macro-regions of Brazil, in both sexes, in those with more than 4 years of study and over 30 years old and between 15-19 years old. No age group showed a decrease in mortality, despite it being a benign disease, easy to diagnose and curative to treat.

Keywords: Inguinal Hernia. Mortality. Brazil. Time Factors. Epidemiology, Descriptive

Every day a question, every day a fight - The emotionally lived experience in the creation and/or use of permanence strategies by black lesbian and bisexual students at UFMT

2024-01-23T21:46:20+01:00

Racial quotas are short-term affirmative action policies that aim to correct inequalities in admission to Higher Education, which implies the guarantee of permanence. Thus, our objective is to understand the permanence strategies that black lesbian and bisexual students create and/or use in confronting the racist, sexist and homophobic structure still current in Brazilian Higher Education in order to complete their degrees, based on socio-historical psychology, more specifically the concept of emotionally lived experience. The contributions that the Study of Race Relations in interface with Education and Psychology have already revealed, from Black Feminism, are used in the analysis, as well as the important observations made in the scientific field regarding the permanence in Higher Education in the context of democratization of higher education and the concept of emotionally lived experience by Vygotsky (1935). It is a qualitative research of a bibliographic and exploratory nature, in which we used the data collection technique of semi-structured interviews, and to reach the students, “snowball” sampling was used. At the end of the content analysis, it is evidente that black lesbian and bisexual students create and use diferente permanence strategies in order to face the social structure marked by racism, sexism, lesbophobia, biphobia and elitism that are unfortunately also present in the university environment. It was also observed that there is a need for institutional interventions to change this scenario, as these obstacles jeopardize the academic performance of these students. Their statements reveal that failure to complete the courses in which they are enrolled is a product of the process of exclusion and isolation that they suffer throughout undergraduate studies, which in turn arise from the mark of elitism in universities, the epistemicide that silences black women for centuries, as well as the difficulties faced in accessing assistance programs that are their rights.

Characteristics of the Experience of Racial Discrimination among University Students

2024-04-11T11:19:02+02:00

The aim was to analyze the experience of racial discrimination suffered by university students. This is an exploratory, descriptive, cross-sectional study with a quantitative approach and 751 participants. It was carried out in five public and private higher education institutions in the state of Ceará, Brazil, from September to December 2023. The instrument used was the Scale of Experiences of Racial Discrimination and the sociodemographic profile questionnaire. The identification and approach to the research took place online and in person. The majority of the participants were female, 52.5%; with an average age of 22.8; with a predominance of brown people, 58.5%; with a family income of one to two minimum wages, 36.9%; and the Catholic religion predominated, 59.4%. With regard to unfair treatment related to racial discrimination, it was observed that the participants said they took some action when they were treated unfairly, such as talking to other people. With regard to feeling unfairly treated and trying to do something about it, only 24.7% of the black population did something about it, while 21.5% kept this kind of treatment to themselves. In addition, experiences of racial discrimination among university students showed that 81.7% of the black population had experienced discrimination. Concerns about racial discrimination among students were observed at around 80.6% in the last year, with 91.4% expressing concern about the racial group and 90.3% showing self-concern about unfair treatment. In addition, 4.3% of the black population has already filed a police complaint, while 95.7% of the black population has never filed a complaint, a fact that shows that there are still major vulnerabilities currently experienced as a result of racial discrimination among university students.

Experimentation and innovation in the making of brazilian soap opera

2023-07-14T00:48:43+02:00

In this article, we propose to identify ruptures and discontinuities in the format of the Brazilian telenovela, considering those productions that presented novelties in terms of narrative, television language and the theme addressed. For this, we made an empirical cut of some telenovelas of rupture in the national teledramaturgy from the seventies to the present day, such as Saramandaia (1976), Pantanal (1990) and Cordel Encantado (2011), among others, and we mapped the marks of innovation of the poetic project that guided their production, based on an analysis of the rupture mechanisms they introduced.

The role of the nurse in the treatment of leprosy

2023-07-11T19:35:16+02:00

Objective: This study aims to emphasize the importance of the nurse, in view of adherence and effectiveness in the treatment of leprosy. Method: This is a literature review, which determines the synthesis of information from articles available in the literature, using a technique for analyzing the data found and evidenced by authors specialized in the subject. Results: The search in the databases described with a total amount of 36 in LILACS, 20 in BDENF and 23 in SCIELO. After reading the themes, 06 articles were chosen in LILACS, 05 in BDENF and 06 in SCIELO. Discussion: The nurse has a fundamental role in the tracking of leprosy for early diagnosis, actively acting in the treatment, with planning in health education actions focused on the reduction of disabilities and transmission, that is, the nurse must guide the importance of adherence to treatment. Conclusion: We conclude that nurses have an essential role in the treatment of leprosy, as they act proactively, carrying out nursing consultations.

Treatment of congenital syphilis in infants: na integrative review

2023-07-19T18:55:15+02:00

Objective: To identify, through the scientific literature, the effectiveness of the treatment of congenital syphilis in newborns given the high incidence of reported cases. Method: This is an integrative, qualitative review study allowing its analysis based on data evaluated in the academic journals BVS, SCILEO, Google Scholar and a Scientific Research book, from 2020 to 2022. Results: Using 11 articles as a basis and a book on Scientific Health Research, analyzed after reading it, the importance of nurses and their prevention strategies about the treatment of syphilis were highlighted. Conclusion: Although congenital syphilis is easy to diagnose, primary care strategies ensure effective treatment, even in the face of the incidence of cases.

Technology in Mathematics Education: Use of the HP 12c Calculator in Solving Financial Mathematics Problems in a Mathematics Bachelor's Course

2023-07-28T21:13:51+02:00

The objective of this study is to present, in a clear and objective way, the main resources available in the HP 12 C calculator, in particular algebraic operations, involving percentage, interest and discounts through problem solving. It is qualitative research, with intervention, and for that, the HP 12 C financial calculator was used as a pedagogical tool for problem solving. With this strategy, the investigation proposed to contribute with the students to the exercise of citizenship, solving everyday situations, as well as subsidizing information and knowledge that could be useful in the job market. Basic concepts related to the proposed theme are presented to the research subjects, with contextualized examples, specifying the main agents that facilitate the understanding of the content.

Nursing care in neonatal losses: integrative review

2023-07-04T03:15:30+02:00

Objective: to search the literature for the importance of raising awareness among the nursing team regarding neonatal losses. Method: integrative literature review in which searches were carried out in the LILACS, SciELO, BDENF databases, considering as inclusion criteria primary studies available in full, published in Portuguese, and in the period of 2018 and 2022. The exclusion criteria were studies literature review, duplicates, letter to the editor, editorials, abstracts published in event annals, personal opinions, dissertations, theses, book chapters and institutional manuals. Results: 05 articles were selected, all publications of Brazilian origin. After full reading and analysis of the studies, two thematic categories were constructed, they are: Experiences of the nursing team in the process of death and dying of newborns and impacts of neonatal losses for the nursing team. Conclusion: neonatal death is a complex phenomenon and, like death, it depends on the cultural aspects where it occurs. Nursing professionals who work in newborn care can face numerous challenges. In this context, they lack training to provide care that is sensitive to the needs of patients and their families, without neglecting their psychological and emotional aspects.

The impact of Covid-19 on the physical and mental health of university students in the City of João Pessoa, Paraíba

2023-08-01T17:45:39+02:00

Identify the main factors that interfered with the physical and mental health of university students amid the pandemic caused by the coronavírus 19. Methods: This is a descriptive cross-sectional study, conducted with 584 individuals, university students, of both sexes, aged between 21 and 30 years. It was decided to include enrolled students who experienced the COVID-19 pandemic. Exclusion criteria were college graduates after the pandemic. The data obtained were analyzed using descriptive statistics using the Statistical Package for the Social Sciences 22.0 (SPSS) software. The study was approved by the Research Ethics Committee. Results: The sample, with a mean age of 21 ± 30 years, presented a psychological disorder associated with the pandemic (47.8%), with only 45.5% maintaining their weight during the pandemic period. Faced with the government ban on the presence of students in institutions, due to the imposed domestic quarantine, schools and universities had to adopt the virtual model of learning. The research results show that this interruption of face-to-face learning, mediated by the quarantine, affected the mental and physical health of the participating students. Conclusion: In conclusion, were reductions in positive health behaviors and deterioration of students' mental and physical health.

Singular therapeutic project in a primary health unit: an experience report

2023-07-03T15:23:12+02:00

Introduction: The Singular Therapeutic Project is a work carried out by the interdisciplinary health team with a view to monitoring a specific case that involves a subject or a community. Objective: To report the academic assistance experience of Nursing students during the joint elaboration of a unique therapeutic project (STP) at the Guaxuma Family Health Unit during a home visit of a user with an acute chronic disease. Method: This is a qualitative research, of the experience report type, which addresses the experience of nurses, in the mandatory curricular internship in a Family Health Unit, in the construction of a PTS. Results: home visits and weekly meetings with the multidisciplinary health team were carried out to discuss the cases, aiming to align the therapeutic objectives in the short, medium and long term, resulting in the construction of the intervention plan based on the health, social and political needs. singular subject programmatic. Final considerations: The proposal of the PTS allowed the multidisciplinary team to problematize the specific needs of the individual, contemplating comprehensive care in a humanized perspective of care, socialization of knowledge, incorporation of multidimensionality in approaches and the improvement of care practices.

Physical therapy intervention in infants with cranial asymmetry

2023-07-10T15:37:00+02:00

Introduction: Cranial asymmetries are deformities that affect many infants in Brazil. The research problem of this study is: what are the physiotherapeutic resources used in the treatment of cranial asymmetry that demonstrate effective results? Objective: To carry out a bibliographic survey on the effectiveness of physiotherapeutic treatments aimed at babies with cranial asymmetry. Methods: This is a literature search of the integrative literature review type to enable the analysis of scientific studies already carried out on the subject. Data were collected from 2019 to 2023, with the inclusion criteria being articles published from 2018 to 2023 in indexed databases. Conclusion: differentiating between the effectiveness of treatments is difficult due to the lack of measurement systems and standardized protocols, the variety of results and the scarcity of high-quality studies with significant samples. Therefore, further studies on both cranial asymmetry and TMC are necessary. However, overall, guidance on repositioning (including time in the supine position) and stretching provided by a trained professional proved to be low-risk, potentially useful, and low-cost interventions for parents and professionals to consider.

The causes of low-risk pregnant women's non-adherence to prenatal care in Primary Health Care and their repercussions

2023-07-10T15:51:43+02:00

Objective: to identify the main factors that influence low-risk pregnant women's non-adherence to prenatal care offered in Primary Health Care. Method: this is a integrative literature review, which sought scientific articles on the subject published between 2019 and 2023, in the Pubmed, Google Scholar, Scielo and Virtual Health Library databases, with eight studies selected, analyzed and discussed. Conclusion: low-risk pregnant women's lack of adherence to prenatal care is a complex and multifactorial challenge. Socioeconomic, cultural, psychosocial and organizational aspects act in an interconnected way, influencing the paths that each pregnant woman takes in search of assistance and care during pregnancy.

Mathematical and scientific literacy in the degree course in pedagogy: the use of active methodologies in the construction of scientific experiments

2023-08-02T16:46:44+02:00

This research is of a qualitative nature and seeks to articulate scientific and mathematical literacy with the use of active methodologies in teaching basic concepts of Natural Sciences and Mathematics. Understanding that the concepts and their meanings in the Early Years pass through higher education, mainly in the Degree in Pedagogy course, since the Pedagogue is the qualified and most active professional in this phase of education, therefore, teacher training is one of the points keys to better conduct the teaching and learning process of this curricular component. The problem is that in the Pedagogy course, the disciplines that cover the contents of Natural Sciences and Mathematics, refer only to the methodological part, leaving the specific contents necessary in charge of the basic education received by the academics, which in large part is flawed, therefore , the teacher who works in the course in question must have the sensitivity to remedy the existing problems and thereby produce meaningful learning. The use of Active Methodologies is an effective alternative, since it encourages the student's protagonism, when associated with the construction of scientific experiments, in which it should be emphasized that they can be carried out in any place, regardless of the existence of a laboratory, requiring more of the teacher's creativity than resources, this work presents the experiences of teaching Natural Sciences in the training of polyvalent teachers, seeking to improve teaching practice and the construction of Mathematical and Scientific Literacy.

Deconstructing Heteronormativity in Children's Literature: The Impact of Narratives on Human Relationships and Worldview

2023-07-30T23:52:24+02:00

The possibility of standardizing and conserving the so-called normal characteristics of society means that diversities are suppressed or made invisible. Social institutions, including the school, are used in the strategy of maintaining this power relationship. Heteronormativity is found within the school and can be subtly perceived in the curriculum, institutional norms, architecture, music and children's literature. This work aims to analyze children's books that address the most diverse family formations that we find in our society and their representation, considering the new family compositions. For that, the Foucauldian perspective of resistance was used with the contribution of Literary Theory in dialogue with authors of Cultural and Gender Studies. Approaching, the book for childhood as a cultural artifact that produces and/or reproduces and conveys in its text (verbal and illustrative) the representations of gender and heteronormative models. Thus, we observe the existence of stereotypes of families, a patriarchal and romanticized model. In this way, using literature as a pedagogical tool to work on the theme of new family configurations at school is to provide children with a meaningful learning process, in which differences are respected and understood naturally.

Training course on scientific research methodology for nursing students: experience report

2023-08-22T19:46:35+02:00

Objective: To report on the experience of a training course on scientific research methodology for undergraduate nursing students. Method: This is a descriptive study based on the experiences of the Scientific Research Methodology Course: building an academic study, held at a public university with undergraduate nursing students in June 2022. The experience came from a curricular activity of the Higher Education Methodology subject, offered in the first semester of the master's degree. Results: The experience provided nursing students with knowledge of research methodology, through the modules presented during the training course, encouraging interest in developing academic work in the health area. Involving students in training processes allows them to carry out tasks in which they can use their previous knowledge and the knowledge they have acquired, contributing to the learning process. Conclusion: The provision of courses in higher education institutions that address aspects of scientific methodology allows students to develop scientific articles that can contribute to society, improving practices and broadening perspectives on countless situations.

Advances in telenursing since the covid-19 pandemic in support of people with Alzheimer's and their caregivers

2023-07-13T23:53:03+02:00

Objective: To identify how tele-nursing was used as a resource in the care of individuals with Alzheimer's disease and their caregivers during the Covid-19 pandemic. Method: Integrative literature review through article searches conducted in the following databases: Cumulative Index To Nursing And Allied Health Literature (CINAHL), National Library of Medicine National Institutes of Health (PubMed), Scientific Electronic Library Online (SCIELO), Virtual Health Library (BVS), and Google Scholar. For the discussion, 10 studies conducted in multiple countries from 2019 to 2023 were included. Results: The main roles of telehealth are providing support to elderly individuals with Alzheimer's disease and their caregivers in both home and hospital settings. Conclusion: Tele-nursing during Covid-19 allowed patients to access safer and more efficient healthcare services, providing greater peace of mind for individuals with Alzheimer's disease and their caregivers.

Nursing performance in long-stay institutions for the elderly

2023-06-20T16:40:31+02:00

Objective: to search the scientific literature for the importance of nurses' work in long-stay institutions for the elderly. Method: integrative literature review, searches were carried out in the following databases: Medical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System Online, Latin American and Caribbean Literature in Health Sciences, Scientific Electronic Library Online and Nursing Databases, considering as criteria of inclusion primary studies available in full, published in Portuguese, and in the period 2017 and 2022. Results: six articles were selected, coming from Brazil, Turkey and South Korea. After reading and analyzing the studies, two thematic categories were constructed, they are: “The nurse in long-stay institutions for the elderly” and “Nursing care as a tool to improve the quality of life of residents”. Conclusion: the nurse plays a crucial role in the Long Stay Institution for the Elderly, acting both in care and in management, which can lead to work overload. Although the resolution that regulates the functioning of these institutions in the country does not determine the hiring of nurses, many have their own technical staff of professionals.

Analysis of psychotropic use in a Family Health Unit during the Covid-19 pandemic

2023-07-12T03:26:02+02:00

Objective: To analyze the use of psychotropic drugs by users of a Family Health Strategy Unit in a medium-sized municipality during the COVID-19 pandemic. Method: Cross-sectional and retrospective study, based on the analysis of medical records from March to July 2022. Results: The sample consisted of 282 medical records, most of which were female patients, with complete secondary education, without a partner and unemployed. With the pandemic, an increase in the prescription of psychotropic drugs from the antidepressant class was noticed from the more frequent diagnosis of anxiety, but without longitudinal follow-up by the team. During the second wave of the pandemic, there was a decrease in the prescription of Biperiden, Haloperidol and an increase in Sertraline. Conclusions: There was a significant increase in the diagnosis of psychiatric disorders and the prescription of psychotropic medications during the pandemic, highlighting the need for attention by the teams to this population.

Embracement in Primary Care: perception of nurses

2023-07-23T15:35:24+02:00

Abstract: Introduction: Welcoming is a practice present in care relationships, between health workers and users, in the acts of receiving and listening to people, being a mechanism for expanding and facilitating access. Objectives: Understand, in the perception of nurses who work in Primary Health Care, how the reception process occurs in Basic Health Units in the North Region of the Federal District. Methods: This is a descriptive, exploratory qualitative study, carried out with 33 nurses. Data collection took place from October 10 to November 30, 2022. Data were analyzed using Bardin's content analysis: pre-analysis, material exploration and treatment of results, inference and interpretation. Results: It was possible to find two core meanings that were divided into two categories: 1- The nurse's work process in meeting spontaneous demand and 2- Learning needs in the nurse's perception. Conclusions: There was a need for wide dissemination of guiding documents with the activities to be developed by the reception nurse, clearly of the flows and roles of each professional, besides wide training of all professionals, in order to establish the organization and conduct of the reception process based on the needs of the territory and the internal organization of the team.

Sociodemographic characterization of cases of acute myocardial infarction in the brazilian northeast

2023-07-14T00:17:40+02:00

In Brazil, among cardiovascular diseases, AMI is the first direct cause of death. AMI presents as tissue damage to the myocardium. Scientific production on acute myocardial infarction is still scarce, based on the importance of the subject, this study aimed to characterize cases of acute myocardial infarction in northeastern Brazil. This is an ecological, descriptive, retrospective study, with a quantitative approach, which used secondary data from the SUS Hospital Information System (SIH-SUS), in the time frame from 2017 to 2021. 124,904 cases of acute myocardial infarction. The age with the highest incidence of AMI was individuals between 60 and 69 years old, which recorded 36,080 cases. Regarding the nature of care, 14,695 (11.77%) were elective, as opposed to 110,209 (88.93) on an urgent basis. With regard to color, 47,474 were not characterized, corresponding to 38.01% of the records, followed by the brown color, with 63,795 (51.08%) of the cases. Studies show that evident differences between risk factors are related to different patterns of behavior, the development of comorbidities related to lifestyle, and sedentary lifestyle. Which explains and corroborates the findings of the present study. It includes the need to improve specific public policies in enabling health promotion actions, management of cardiovascular risk factors and clinical management of acute cases of AMI.

Piracy of fashion brands: consumption, identity, and inclusion

2023-07-28T20:29:40+02:00

This article aims to reflect on the phenomenon of piracy consumption in Brazilian society with regard to fashion brands. There is a complex web of motivations, impregnated with cultural meanings that intensify in pirate consumption, so it is necessary to investigate the flows of meaning and meanings constructed by consumers who adhere to the consumption of pirated fashion brands. For this, we start from a bibliographic research based on the studies of communication, consumption, subjectivities, brand and fashion. As final considerations, we can observe that consumption of counterfeit goods can be understood as a non-hegemonic consumption modality, which inserts consumers into the fashion circuit, giving them the opportunity to belong to the lifestyle proposed by luxury fashion brands, assisting in the construction of the identity of the contemporary subject.

The harm of using eletronic screens in childhood: an integrative literature review

2023-08-21T16:42:54+02:00

Introduction: The incorporation of technology into children's routine originated the so-called cyber-childhood, bringing with it advantages, as well as harms that must be debated, thus, questions arise about adequate screen time and the consequences of exacerbated use. Objective: To analyze the scientific literature on the harmful effects of using electronic screens in childhood. Methodology: This is an integrative literature review, where the Health Sciences Descriptors (DeCS/MeSH) were used: screen time; child and child development combined with the Boolean AND operator. The research was carried out in July 2023, in the databases: Medical Literature Analysis and Retrievel System Online (MEDLINE) Latin American Literature of Health Sciences (LILACS) and PubMed, in the period from 2018 to 2023. Results: The final selection had 17 articles that met the inclusion and exclusion criteria determined and were categorized into: year of publication; journal title; article title; language and main results. Discussion: The analysis of the selected articles showed that the repercussions caused by exposure to screens are presented in different ways, paying attention to: language development, cognition, socio-emotional aspects, attention, eating habits, sleep, school performance, Body Mass Index, among others. It also brings co-visualization as an interactive means of exposure to the screen. Final considerations: The study revealed an association between screen use time and consequent harm that clearly affects the neuropsychomotor development of these children, relating to sedentary lifestyle, introversion, poor sleep quality and the manifestation of diseases such as obesity, depression and anxiety.

Analysis of barriers faced by people with disabilities in health services: an integrative review

2023-08-23T17:24:52+02:00

The objective of this integrative review was to analyze the scientific literature on the care of people with disabilities in public health services. In this sense, an integrative review was carried out, searching for articles in the BVS, LILACS and BVS databases, from which 14 articles on the subject were selected. Thus, reading the articles in full led to the conclusion that people with disabilities face several barriers in the health system, which may be structural, involve the unpreparedness of professionals and the lack of technologies. In addition, the lack of protocols that allow appropriate referral and counter-referral for this group is notorious. It was concluded, then, that combating the barriers that prevent adequate care for people with disabilities is essential to achieve social inclusion.

Autism Spectrum Disorder: the trajectory, challenges, needs and achievements of rights of autistic children in basic education

2024-01-07T15:22:34+01:00

Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD) is a neurological condition characterized by repetition of behaviors, speech impairment, difficulties in maintaining visual contact, social interaction, and because it is not diagnosed through examinations, it is difficult to conclude and complex, as it encompasses a series of behavioral clinical investigations and observations. The research gains relevance based on the evidence studied regarding environmental, genetic and neurological factors. To contextualize this work, studies were carried out on autism, with a historical review to understand the origin of the term (Autistic Spectrum Disorder) and its complexities, a term used for the first time in 1911, by psychiatrist Euler Bleuler, who after Several studies adopt the ASD nomenclature “Autistic Spectrum Disorder”. The problematization discusses the desires in the search for quality teaching and learning for students with ASD, in changing references and statistics on inclusion in an individualized and egalitarian way, in order to provide changes and qualities in the services provided to students with autism. The objective is to present the relevant achievements and challenges within the school context, provide evidence, specify the barriers faced over the years by students with ASD and demonstrate the relevant role of teacher training for full development. The methodology applied was through bibliographical research, of a qualitative nature, with an exploratory objective and in the contributions of the authors Marconi and Lakatos (2021). As for the main references used, Silva, A. (2012) and Mantoan (2003) follow with dense references on the topic, followed by Dias (2019).

Use of a mobile application for mental health assistance in an academic environment: an integrative review

2024-01-08T15:15:43+01:00

Objective: To describe the importance of using mobile applications as a tool to assist in mental health care in the academic environment. Method: This is an integrative literature review. Searches were carried out in electronic databases: PubMed, Scopus and Web of Science. After the scientific articles were eligible, the databases were identified: removal of duplicates; reading titles; reading of the abstracts and excluding those who did not meet the inclusion criteria after reading them in full. Then, the selected articles were read in full and the main points of analysis of the article were extracted, including the title, objective, main results and conclusion. Results: The development of mobile healthcare apps has increased exponentially, and the use of apps has been reported to improve the efficiency of healthcare delivery and the effectiveness of treatment. It is worth highlighting that these applications have the potential to expand access to health information, facilitate remote care and empower users. The mHealth sector is one of the fastest growing application categories in recent years. However, there has been a lack of focus and dedication when it comes to evaluating the credibility and scientific accuracy of these applications. This is particularly evident in the realm of mental health apps. Final considerations: Thus, although there are numerous mobile apps for iOS and Android in Brazil that address mental disorders, there is a dearth of scientifically validated options in the Portuguese language designed specifically for well-being. mentality of university students.

Knowledge sharing in public administration: a mapping of international literature

2024-01-08T15:44:22+01:00

The research aims to carry out a mapping in the international literature on the topic of Knowledge sharing in Public Administration. To carry out the research, a constructivist process was used, called Knowledge Development Process – Constructivist (ProKnow-C). For being a structured instrument of selection and analysis of the literature, 34 articles were selected that represent the fragment of the literature of studies on sharing of knowledge in the Public Administration forming the Bibliographic Portfolio (BP) Final of this research. As a result (i) outstanding authors S. J. Armstrong, J. Rowley, S. K. Singh, G. Tangaraja, S. Al-Ahbabi, S. Balasubramanian and I. Seba each stood out with 2 articles in the Final BP; (ii) the most cited article Determinants of knowledge sharing in a public sector organization, by author Ângela Titi Amayah, 2013, with 597 citations; (iii) the Journal of Knowledge Management stood out both in the BP and in the references, being responsible for the publication of 7 articles in the final BP. (iv) the most cited keywords were knowledge sharing and knowledge transfer with a frequency of 200 and 197 times, respectively; (v) the university that most researches the subject is the Advanced Institute of Science and Technology of Korea and Higher Education in Macáçar; (vi) Korea is the country that most conducts research on this topic, participating in the PB Final with 11 researchers located in that country.

Preliminary toxicity of extracts and fractions obtained from leaves and stem bark of Dalbergia brasiliensis

2024-01-08T16:03:44+01:00

The genus Dalbergia Linn. f. (Fabaceae) contains around 250 species and is threatened with extinction due to the high economic value of its wood. Many species of the genus are used in traditional Chinese medicine. The species Dalbergia brasiliensis occurs naturally in Brazil (Cerrado and Atlantic Forest) and has few studies in the literature. The objective of the study was to evaluate preliminary toxicity through the assay against the microcrustacean Artemia salina Leach. and by evaluating the hemolytic activity of extracts and fractions of the bark of the stem and leaves of the species Dalbergia brasiliensis. In the systematic phytochemical prospecting test, the aqueous and hydroalcoholic extracts of the leaves showed the presence of alkaloids, flavonoids, steroids, iridoids, condensed tannins and amino groups; in the bark extracts they showed the same compounds and also anthocyanin and saponin heterosides. The dried and crushed plant material was used to obtain crude ethanolic extracts in a Soxhlet apparatus. From the crude extract of the bark of the stem and leaves, the hexane, chloroform and ethyl acetate fractions were obtained. Regarding preliminary toxicity against A. salina, all samples presented an LC50 value greater than 1000μg/mL, demonstrating low toxicity. In the evaluation of hemolytic activity, the same negative result was evident on blood Agar plates. In the evaluation in tubes, the hexanic fraction of the peel showed a positive result, requiring further studies to understand its toxic activity. The low toxicity of D. brasiliensis extracts and fractions in the tests carried out demonstrates the potential of this plant for future studies to purify compounds and determine other biological activities.

The nurse in the therapeutic approach to schizophrenia: an integrative review

2024-01-08T16:28:18+01:00

There has been a lot of discussion recently about mental health and schizophrenia. Schizophrenia and the so-called schizophrenic disorders are a group of diseases that have varied thinking distortions. Several theories are considered for its etiology, which modifies the interpretation of its pathophysiology. The present study in progress is an integrative review of the literature, developed with the aim of gathering and synthesizing the results of other scientific research on the pertinent subject. the preparation of the work. It is from the professional's perspective that it is important to be able to see that patients are people who deserve attention, respect and dignity to deal with the adjustment process with a focus on achieving balance and helping family members in the network support staff who need help understanding the complexity of a family member with the disease.

Growth and expansion in the use of software as a service (SaaS): strategies and obstacles for technology companies

2024-01-12T16:51:20+01:00

Introduction: At the heart of this discussion is an exploration of the environment that fosters the exponential growth of Software as a Service (SaaS), emphasizing its ability to synergistically align with the dynamic demands of organizations and end users. Objective: to analyze the strategies of technology companies to boost the growth of SaaS, proposing innovative solutions to optimize implementation in the business market. Methodology: the methodological approach comprises a literature review using descriptive research from a qualitative perspective, conducted by consulting scientific journals available on the Scientific Electronic Library Online (SciELO) online platform. Results and Discussion: the crucial importance of information security and regulatory compliance in the context of SaaS expansion is highlighted, translating into an integrative approach aimed at mitigating inherent risks. Conclusion: Software as a Service (SaaS) is not just a temporary facet of technological evolution, but a resilient and adaptive phenomenon that will perpetuate its influence at the forefront of the digital paradigm.

Early childhood education professionals knowledge about foreign body airway obstruction (ovace) in children: an integrative review

2024-01-16T15:28:42+01:00

Introduction: In Brazil, in 2021, 2,339 deaths were recorded in the age group from 0 to 5 years of age due to accidental causes, among the causes, Foreign Body Airway Obstruction (OVACE) is in third place in the ranking. Objective: Identify existing knowledge and presence of training on OVACE for early childhood education teachers. Method: This is an integrative literature review. The PICO strategy was used to establish the following guiding question: “do early childhood education professionals receive training and have sufficient knowledge to act in OVACE situations?”. The study included articles published in the last 5 years (2019 to 2022), in Portuguese and English. The databases used to search for scientific articles were: Pubmed and Virtual Health Library (VHL). Results: 172 studies were identified and, after excluding the 11 duplicates, 161 remained for analysis: 133 in the National Library of Medicine (Pubmed) and 28 in the Virtual Health Library (VHL). After applying the inclusion and exclusion criteria, 5 articles were included in the sample. The lack of preparation of educators in relation to identification and intervention measures in cases of OVACE was evident, as well as deficiencies related to training.

Effects of distraction cognitive symptoms of anxiety in patients in a intensive care unit

2024-01-19T22:11:52+01:00

A stay in an Intensive Care Unit (ICU) can impact patients' mental health, with psychological changes being common in this context, including high levels of anxiety, which highlights the relevance of intervention strategies. The objective of this study was to evaluate the effects of cognitive distraction on the anxiety of patients admitted to an Intensive Care Unit (ICU). The research design was quasi-experimental, being a non-randomized clinical trial. 21 conscious patients admitted to a public ICU in the Federal District-DF participated. The instruments used in the investigation included: 1) initial interview, addressing the current diagnosis, personal clinical history and assessment of the patient's mental state; 2) complementary pre-intervention questionnaire, through which anxiety was assessed and; 3) complementary post-intervention questionnaire. Regarding the results, a moderate level of anxiety among patients was presented before carrying out any intervention (Md = 8, on a scale of 0-10, where 0 = no anxiety and 10 = intense anxiety). After the application of cognitive distraction, there was an important statistically significant reduction in anxiety scores (Md = 5), according to the Wilcoxon signed rank test (z = -3.72, p< 0.001), indicating the effectiveness of the proposed intervention employed. Thus, the importance of non-pharmacological strategies, such as cognitive distraction, is highlighted as a resource to be used in the context of ICUs to promote humanization and mental health of patients.

A Look at the Emotional Impacts on Patients Affected by Traumatic Spinal Cord Injury

2024-01-24T22:10:47+01:00

Introduction: Traumatic spinal cord injury (TSCI) is a complex condition that can lead to various comorbidities and cause significant emotional impacts. In addition to the physical challenges, individuals with TSCI often face psychological difficulties, requiring adjustment to cope with the changes in their lives. Coping with the situation is a unique journey for each person, involving different forms of adaptation. Objective: This study aims to investigate the emotional impacts experienced by individuals with TSCI, observing the stages experienced by the individuals. Method: To investigate these implications, an exploratory qualitative approach was used, through Bardin's discourse analysis. The sample consisted of ten accounts from people with TSCI, encompassing different ages and genders. This scientific article analyzed materials published on the YouTube video platform, expressing the perceptions of individuals affected by TSCI. Conclusion: The analysis of our sample revealed that automobile accidents caused the majority of TSCI cases, falls, and gunshot wounds, resulting in tetraplegia or paraplegia. The accounts also highlighted that individuals faced a variety of emotions, including sadness, fear, anxiety, and despair due to uncertainty about their condition.

Factors associated with abandonment of tuberculosis treatment: an integrative review

2024-01-30T03:47:27+01:00

Objective: To describe the main factors associated with abandonment of tuberculosis treatment. Method: This is an integrative literature review. Searches were carried out in electronic databases: PubMed, Scopus and Web of Science. After the scientific articles were eligible, the databases were identified: removal of duplicates; reading titles; reading of the abstracts and excluding those who did not meet the inclusion criteria after reading them in full. Then, the selected articles were read in full and the main points of analysis of the article were extracted, including the title, objective, main results and conclusion. Results: The reasons for interrupting Tuberculosis (TB) treatment can be attributed mainly to several factors, such as social, biological, economic, cultural and psychosocial aspects. It has been consistently observed in numerous studies that treatment abandonment constitutes a significant risk factor, particularly when combined with a history of prior TB treatment. Final considerations: Therefore, when implementing innovative interventions, the objective is to reinforce patients' adherence to TB treatment. Understanding these factors is essential for healthcare professionals and managers to develop effective strategies that can reduce dropout rates, ultimately leading to a reduction in disease incidence, mortality rates and drug resistance.

Education for life: promoting peace in the school environment

2024-02-01T01:29:40+01:00

The school is a place of formal education, which enables the motor, cognitive, social and emotional development of students, from early childhood education to youth and adult education, and as such, it must be a welcoming environment that allows good relationships, cordiality, kindness, respect and empathy for the social and cultural diversity present in it. The school must, among other things, positively influence the formation of critical citizens, aware and responsible for their actions. However, unfortunately, in recent months here in Brazil, the media reported several attacks on schools, which saddened the Brazilian population. In view of the above, we need to encourage a culture of peace in schools, in order to ensure that students, teachers and all employees in the school community have a welcoming and safe environment. For this reason, the present work aimed to promote reflection on maintaining peace and well-being in the school environment. The study was developed at a State School in Manaus, with second-year high school students. To develop the activities, dialogued expository classes and conversation circles were held, where students were encouraged to think, reflect and discuss the events of insecurity that plagued Brazilian schools, as well as the type of school environment that each one desires. Furthermore, the students were organized into teams and instructed to create posters on the topic in question, so that they could express their ideas and desires for peace and security in the school environment. The posters produced were used to produce a mural, which was displayed to the school community, with the aim of sensitizing other students, as well as all people who are part of the school community, to reflect on their actions in promoting peace in the school environment.

Management of Drug Treatment for Diabetic Patients

2024-02-01T23:34:13+01:00

Objective: To describe the management of drug treatment for diabetic patients.

Method: This is a descriptive study, with a quantitative approach and cross-sectional design. The study sample was made up of users monitored at a Basic Health Unit in the Federal District, with type I or II DM, using oral hypoglycemic agents and/or insulin. The selection was made by random, conventional and simple sampling. The data collection instrument used listed sociodemographic variables, clinical recommendations and protocols for patient safety and management of patients with DM. The data found were analyzed using descriptive statistics. Results: The sample consisted of 41 participants, predominantly female and with low education, with an average of 66.8 years of age. Regarding the clinical profile, all users had type II DM, with a predominance of multimorbidity, high cardiovascular risk and achievement of glycemic control goals. It was observed that 68.5% were on polypharmacy, with 31.5% using sulfonylureas and 36.6% using insulin. The biggest barriers to medication adherence were forgetfulness and difficulty in keeping schedules, with 61% and 53.7%, respectively. Regarding insulin therapy, the main inconsistencies found were: 86.7% regarding lack of knowledge about the validity of insulin after opening the bottle; 93.3% lack of record of the date the bottle was opened; 73.3% inadequate insulin transport; 93.3% of inappropriate disposal of needles/syringes; 80% of inadequate rotation of application sites; and 85.7% do not remove air from the pen with each application. Conclusion: The diabetic patients in this study have encountered several difficulties in managing drug treatment, which can increase human error. In this way, the need for strategies to identify and manage these difficulties and equitable monitoring of this population, in order to promote autonomy, therapeutic adherence and patient safety.

Botany teaching tools for high school: the school garden as a classroom

2024-02-09T15:31:35+01:00

The article presents a didactic sequence carried out with high school students at a private institution located in Manaus, Amazonas. The objective was to carry out a floristic survey of the species existing in the school garden, generating support for the teaching of botany, especially the contents of biological classification, taxonomy and systematics. To this end, a didactic sequence divided into 5 stages was structured in classes lasting 50 to 100 minutes, such as concepts of biological diversity, a scientific nomenclature workshop, visits to the school garden, survey and identification of species and data analysis. The development of the didactic sequence enabled students to understand the distinctions between popular and scientific nomenclature, through active methods to identify the species present in the school garden. The analysis of the students' prior knowledge revealed a deficiency in understanding the concepts of botany and scientific nomenclature. This indicates the need for a more integrated teaching methodology that is relevant to the students' reality, promoting a connection between biological concepts and the environment. Such an approach tends to be more effective and motivating, improving students' understanding of the characteristics of different groups of organisms in an integrated and logical way, avoiding disconnected memorization of concepts and characteristics.

Contributions of nursing auditing to high-performance management in hospitals

2024-02-09T15:59:30+01:00

Nursing audits within the hospital environment are increasingly frequent and have been used to verify the effectiveness of care protocols and costs, in addition to avoiding or reducing nonconformities through the evaluation of records in medical records, which is an important document for assistance evaluation. Based on existing research, the present study aimed to answer the following guiding question: what are the contributions of nursing auditing to high-performance management in the hospital environment? This study is an integrative study of literature, which allows the synthesis and discussion of findings on a specific topic studied. As a result, it can be observed that the nursing audit contributes to Identification of flaws in continuing education, Identification of flaws in care, Possibility of surveying hospital expenses, Identification of improvements in the patient experience, Identification of existing flaws in the electronic medical record and Identification of existing flaws in protocols. The different audit approaches, based on records and documents relating to proof of care for billing purposes, provide management with support for decision-making and team training processes.

The reflections of socio-affective parenthood with implications for grandparents: the absence of recognition of socio-affective grandparenthood

2024-02-29T20:05:38+01:00

Human relationships, whatever they may be, stem from a common bond: affection. This bond often creates a new family entity, whether biological or affective. As it is a dynamic social science, current law has seen the need to recognize new family configurations that already existed in fact but had not yet been the subject of legal study. Among these new models, the family relationships originating solely from affective bonds stand out, which are recognized by society itself as members of the same family, popularly known as "foster children" and, legally, as socio-affectivity. By placing socio-affective connection on the same level of importance as blood ties through jurisprudence, so that one does not overshadow the other, numerous families living under this mold began to have visibility before the law. Thus, a question arose: if, even with the normative vacuum, there would be the possibility of recognizing avoengo socio-affectivity? To answer the question, a deductive research methodology was used, through bibliographies, documents, and analysis of the Civil Codes of 1916 and 2002. It was concluded that there are no explicit impediments to socio-affectivity; on the contrary, there is principled support that underlies the possibility of such recognition.

Virtual rape and the means of producing evidence in brazilian law

2024-02-29T20:35:46+01:00

With the advancement of the internet, virtual rape has become a significant issue, demanding regulations to punish and reduce the spread of this crime. The primary purpose of this study is to conduct a critical analysis of virtual rape within the Brazilian legal framework. This involves investigating the challenges faced in obtaining digital evidence. Specific objectives include examining the evolution of virtual rape, its characteristics, and legal impacts, analyzing relevant Brazilian legislation and its interpretation by courts, as well as exploring methods of digital evidence collection and their applicability in legal proceedings involving virtual rape. The research seeks to understand how virtual rape affects victims, causing psychological harm, and what specific challenges exist in producing evidence to validate these crimes in the legal system. The research methodology will be conducted in a bibliographic, exploratory, and descriptive manner, using critical analysis of case law, legislation, and academic studies on the topic. The article provides a detailed analysis of the challenges faced in producing digital evidence in cases of virtual rape, highlighting the need for adaptation of the legal system to effectively address these crimes.

Relationship between character strengths and well-being: systematic review of the literature

2024-02-29T20:52:32+01:00

Character strengths are positive human characteristics seen as an inner determinant for a life of satisfaction, happiness and well-being. Given the relevance and breadth of the topic, this systematic review aimed to present a survey of national and international empirical research from the last 10 years (2013 to 2023), which addressed the relationship between character strengths and well-being, investigating which type of well-being was most cited, which instruments were used, who the participants were and which character strengths most correlated with well-being in each study. The research was carried out on the Periodical Portal of the Coordination for the Improvement of Higher Education Personnel (Capes), using the descriptors “character strengths” and “well-being” in the title in Portuguese and English. The final sample was composed of 9 empirical studies, 2 Brazilian and 7 international. From the literature review, we identified that character strengths in general contribute to the well-being of human beings, and that there is more research on subjective well-being and with a quantitative design. According to the studies analyzed, the 5 forces that are most positively related to well-being are: gratitude, hope, kindness, spirituality and enthusiasm. We identified similarities and differences in instruments for measuring character strengths and well-being and concluded that research addressing the relationship between these two constructs is still scarce.

Centrifugal federalism and the cooperative model in Brazil

2024-03-07T13:13:21+01:00

The present study analyzed Brazilian federalism, from a fiscal and tax perspective, focusing on the reduction of the ICMS proposed in 2022, defining federalism and its mechanisms as the first axis, and analyzing the effects of the reduction of the ICMS on fuels at the state and municipal levels, having as a procedure the literature review and the documentary study. The main reference used are: "Fiscal decentralization, social policies, and income transfer in Brazil" (CPAL); Economic Formation of Brazil (FURTADO); Introduction to Federalism and Fiscal Federalism in Brazil (GADELEHA). Conducting an analysis in relation to the return to the tax reform debate. As expected, the internal economic crisis, together with the global scenario of war and the Covid-19 pandemic, brought a dramatic event in the increase in prices, and after regulation of the ICMS of the states, it was impossible to collect up to R$ 1.7 billion in taxes, due to the difference in percentages of receipt between the federative entities, having negative effects in the short and long term, showing the fragility of the federative entities. Thus, it is concluded that the proposed change had a moderate impact on the discussion on the current logistics caused by the ICMS, heating up the topic of tax reform and elucidating a little of the functioning of VAT and IBS.

Valuing the invisible: recognizing unpaid female domestic work in the decision of the 12th civil chamber of the Paraná state court of justice

2024-03-08T14:13:10+01:00

The article addresses the recognition of unpaid female domestic work, highlighting the relevance of the decision of the 12th Civil Chamber of the Paraná State Court of Justice (TJPR) in the context of the Care Economy. The article begins by exploring the revolutionary impact of the Care Economy on social fabric, demonstrating how it transcends traditional metrics and emphasizes the importance of care work, often carried out by women. Next, the text analyzes the role of mothers in the Care Economy, emphasizing the invisible work that sustains households. The focus is on the valorization of these activities, which, although often unpaid, play a fundamental role in social stability. The article culminates with a more in-depth exploration of the innovative decision of the 12th Civil Chamber of the TJPR. This decision is presented as a paradigm shift, especially regarding the establishment of child support, with emphasis on the promotion of recognition of female care, signaling a significant change in the valorization of unpaid domestic work in the legal sphere.

Safety of health professionals in intensive care units in the view of the multidisciplinary team

2024-03-12T15:21:12+01:00

Work is a social activity that plays a key role in the living conditions of human beings and is directly related to meeting the basic needs of life. This research aimed to assess safety in an intensive care unit from the perspective of health professionals. To meet the purpose of this research, the methodology of a descriptive, exploratory study with a quantitative approach through a questionnaire was used. The results showed that most professionals at the hospital surveyed adopt safe measures in the performance of their functions, considering the work environment safe and that they have not suffered any type of accident, highlighting positive data regarding their safety, although a minority indicate the contrary. It is concluded that more effective measures to guarantee the safety of these professionals are necessary. In addition to encouraging changes in behavior through continuing education.

Decision making and human resources performance indicators: a bibliometric study on scientific productions

2024-04-29T14:35:12+02:00

The research in question was motivated by interest in investigating what has been published in the scientific databases EBSCOhost, Scielo and Web of Science in the five-year time frame, from 2015 to 2020, addressing the topics of decision-making and human resources performance indicators. . The objective is to identify the main characteristics, the volume of publications and, mainly, the relationship between these themes. By using the bibliometric methodology based on Pritchard's model (1969), with adaptations of the PRISMA method proposed by Moher et al. (2015), it was possible to observe the absence of publications that covered both themes in a correlated way in the period analyzed. Although significant contributions and relevant studies have been identified in each of these themes separately, it is observed that the interconnection between them has not yet been explored as a consolidated field of study. In view of the study proposal, a future research agenda is suggested that deepens the understanding of the motivators behind published studies when they present a greater volume in certain periods, as well as expanding the chronological period analyzed.

Lippia gracilis Schauer (Verbenaceae): main chemical constituents and pharmacologic activities

2024-03-13T15:43:57+01:00

Objective: To investigate the literature about its main constituents and current evidence of the pharmacological potential of Lippia gracilis Schauer. Method: This is an integrative literature review. Searches were carried out in the following electronic databases: SciElo, SciVerse Scopus, EMBASE, Web of Science, DOAJ, DataCite Commons, PubMed and LILACS. As inclusion criteria, articles were considered within the period of 15 years (2008 to November 2023) with full visualization available, while, for exclusion, the following criteria were used: articles repeated in the search, reviews and works tangential to the guiding question or with inconsistent results. Results: The main pharmacological activities are: healing, antioxidant, antimicrobial, antiparasitic, anti-inflammatory, antinociceptive and cytotoxic. The leaves of this plant are normally prepared by infusion or decoction and consumed in the form of teas. Additionally, they can also be soaked in alcohol for topical use. Final considerations: Therefore, to better understand the pharmacological attributes of this plant, extensive research was carried out. The main focus of these studies has been to examine the therapeutic effects of the plant's essential oil, particularly when extracted from its leaves.

Challenges in Public Health in Paraíso do Tocantins: Rethinking the Role of Judicial Actions after the Pandemic

2024-03-18T14:57:43+01:00

The article addresses the issue of health judicialization in the municipality of Paraíso do Tocantins, analyzing its causes, impacts, and possible solutions. It begins with a theoretical framework that contextualizes health as a universal right and discusses the concept of expanded health, encompassing various social aspects. The importance of the Unified Health System (SUS) and its relationship with the population's quality of life is highlighted. Next, the text examines cases of health judicialization in Paraíso do Tocantins, such as demands for specific medications and treatments. Judicial decisions are cited, and arguments are made about the solidarity of federative entities in guaranteeing the right to health. The justification for judicialization is attributed to citizens' pursuit of comprehensive and effective access to treatments, especially those not provided by the SUS. The research identifies a significant increase in Ministry of Health spending on judicialization, highlighting disparities and inequality in access to health care. After analyzing the history and problems, hypotheses are presented on the causes of judicialization, such as scarcity of financial resources and lack of specific public policies. The need for dialogue between the judiciary and the health system to improve actions and the effectiveness of health care is emphasized. The study's objectives include analyzing the relationship between health judicialization and the guarantee of the right to health, identifying inequalities in access to health care, investigating the population's recourse to judicialization, and promoting dialogue between the judiciary and the health system. Finally, the proposed methodology involves literature review and analysis of cases of judicialization, aiming to better understand the phenomenon and suggest more efficient public policies for the municipality of Paraíso do Tocantins.

Literature Research: learning, subjectivity and creativity in autistic children and the influences of external environments

2024-03-19T16:43:11+01:00

The authorial process refers to a person's ability to express their own unique voice and perspective through different forms of communication, such as writing, art and symbolic play. In autistic children, the authorial process can be influenced by a number of factors, including language abilities, specific interests and sensory sensitivities. Exploring and supporting the authorial process in autistic children is crucial to promoting self-expression, autonomy and personal identity. In addition to individual aspects, external environments play a significant role in the development and well-being of autistic children. This includes both the physical environment, such as the classroom and the home, and the social environment, such as interactions with peers, family members and health professionals. The literature reviewed highlights the importance of inclusive environments that are sensitive to the needs of autistic children and that promote learning, creativity and positive identity development. In short, the interaction between learning, subjectivity and creativity in autistic children is a complex and multifaceted field that deserves significant attention from researchers, educators and health professionals. By better understanding these processes and influences, we can develop more effective and inclusive approaches to support the development and well-being of autistic children, enabling them to reach their full potential and contribute meaningfully to their lives.

Beyond books: exploring Biological Classification (Taxonomy) through the use of Smartphone in Biology

2024-03-21T14:29:04+01:00

This study proposes an educational intervention aimed at teaching the Biological Classification (Taxonomy) of plants, aiming to facilitate and promote the learning of high school students in the discipline of Biology. The approach adopted employs the use of smartphones, making use of a specific application called "PictureThis", available free of charge on the internet. This activity involves students using the application to capture images of plants in the school environment or in the surrounding community. The application offers detailed information about the species, including scientific name, common name, taxonomic classification, cultivation data, particular characteristics and potential risks, such as toxicity. Subsequently, the collected data is discussed in the classroom, allowing the teacher to promote the connection between the theory of Biological Classification and the practice observed during the field activity. This approach aims to enrich the teaching-learning process, making it more effective and engaging for students. The results suggest that the use of smartphones as an auxiliary tool can significantly contribute to improving Biology teaching, especially in the context of the Biological Classification of plants.

Cyber attacks and their criminal implications

2024-03-27T22:37:12+01:00

This article aims to contribute to the understanding of cybercrimes. To achieve this goal, we sought to develop a timeline with the main legislations addressing the subject in the national legal system. Some of the main hacker attacks listed by Microsoft™ were addressed, including Malware, DDoS, phishing, SQL injection, botnets, and ransomware attacks. Next, virtual crimes defined in Brazilian legislation were presented, such as invasion of computer devices, interruption or disturbance of computer/telematic services, digital fraud, electronic fraud theft, insertion of false data into information systems, unauthorized modification or alteration of information systems, and credit card cloning/fraud. Additionally, some improper crimes were discussed. Following recent jurisprudential understandings, the crime of virtual rape of a vulnerable person was discussed, as well as the analysis of cyberbullying and the offenses resulting from its practice. Considering that the daily use of technologies requires caution in the face of potential risks and vulnerabilities, it is believed that this article can serve as a guiding instrument for further exploration of the proposed theme, emphasizing the importance of understanding cyber attacks and their legal implications, as well as highlighting the relevance of awareness and adoption of cybersecurity measures to mitigate the risks associated with the use of technologies.

Civil liability in case of medical error in plastic surgery: an analysis in light of the consumer defense code and the jurisprudence of the court of justice of Tocantins

2024-04-03T15:57:42+02:00

Civil liability is a legal area that has gained repercussion in recent years due to the damages that arise from the numerous civil relationships established in society. Among its possible consequences is that resulting from plastic surgery in cases of damage subjecting agents to appropriate repairs. The panorama described led to the question that guides this study, namely: the civil liability of doctors in cases of error when performing plastic surgery. The present work, therefore, aims to investigate civil liability in the case of medical error in plastic surgery from the perspective of Civil Law and the Consumer Protection Code. The general objective of this work was to verify the possibilities of civil liability of doctors for aesthetic damages resulting from plastic surgery. Specific objectives include: conceptualizing the doctor-patient relationship for plastic surgery; discuss civil liability in general, as well as clarify the concepts of civil liability for medical error. In order for the purpose to be achieved, a bibliographical research was carried out with an emphasis on specialized doctrine, academic articles, legislation and jurisprudence on the subject, with the aim of investigating the different positions on the subject. Furthermore, the research has a qualitative, exploratory and descriptive nature.

Nursing intervention for family members of patients treated at CAPS: an experience report

2024-04-08T15:14:03+02:00

The Psychosocial Care Centers are spaces for receiving service users with mental disorders who are undergoing non-hospital treatment. Their function is to provide psychological and medical care, with the aim of reintegrating patients into society. They have a multidisciplinary team, which must provide care to users through individual or group care, therapeutic workshops, home visits, family care and community activities, among other services. Considering this background, the general objective of the research is to report on the nurse's experience in nursing intervention with the families of users of the Psychosocial Care Center service in the municipality of Pão de Açúcar - AL, Brazil. The guiding question is: what is the perception of the academic's role in the nursing intervention with family members of users of the CAPS service in the municipality of Pão de Açúcar - AL, Brazil? From a methodological point of view, this is an academic experience report with qualitative characteristics, of a descriptive nature, with a time frame, carried out at the CAPS in Pão de Açúcar - AL. Finally, through the internship, it was possible to see that care for the families of CAPS service users should be carried out from an individualized and humanized perspective, encouraging care, information and family participation in meetings.

The Aqueous Extract of Bela Emília (Plumbago auriculata) flowers as an natural indicator of pH in Investigative Chemistry Teaching

2024-04-15T15:42:32+02:00

This work aims to contribute to the teaching and learning of Inorganic Chemistry through an investigative practice using the natural pH indicator obtained from the flowers of Plumbago auriculata (Bela Emília). The aqueous extract was tested in a range of previously known pH values, encompassing acidic, neutral, and alkaline pH. The activity was structured as a Didactic Sequence, divided into 4 moments: 1) presentation of the theme and previous discussion on acids and bases; 2) reproduction and discussion of a YouTube video on the use of acids and bases in everyday life; 3) investigative experimental part; 4) discussion and evaluation of the experiment mediated by the teacher, followed by the preparation of a final report. With the approach of the aforementioned Didactic Sequence, we hope to make the teaching of Chemistry more attractive, facilitating the guiding process of teaching and learning, and allowing the development of scientific experimentation using homemade, simple, and low-cost materials. Through this educational proposal, the teacher's approach and the involvement of the students can bring positive results, making the learning of Inorganic Chemistry (Acids and Bases) an uncomplicated and enjoyable task, as well as allowing the act of scientific experimentation in the school context, bringing Chemistry more and more into the students' daily lives.

Identification of Possible Relationships Between the Use of Pesticides and Health Problems Reported by Residents of Santa Tereza do Oeste – PR

2024-04-15T22:24:05+02:00

Pesticides are used to control diseases and pests and have generated environmental and public health problems. Unlike acute health problems, chronic problems result from exposure to pesticides for long periods of time, have more subtle symptoms and are more difficult to diagnose. Based on the above, the present study employs data mining techniques, using the computational tool WEKA (Waikato Environment for Knowledge Analysis), in an attempt to identify possible relationships between the use of pesticides and health problems reported by the citizens of Santa Tereza do Oeste - PR, Brazil. The database used was constructed through the application of the Self-Reporting Questionnaire 20 Items (SRQ-20), which is recognized by the World Health Organization (WHO) for assessing psychiatric disorders. In general, the general results corroborate those produced by other studies related to the subject, while the individual results of each employed data mining technique converge with each other. Among others, the relationship between contact with pesticides and fatigue, neurological and gastrointestinal problems was identified. In addition, based on the analysis of the results obtained, a question arose as to how the SRQ-20 is used, evaluating only the quantitative and not the qualitative factor of the answers provided.

Short courses and the job market: speed and professionalism

2024-04-18T20:22:22+02:00

Short-term higher education is a type of teaching that aims to qualify professionals in specific areas of knowledge, with shorter training times and greater insertion in the job market. However, what are the difficulties, challenges and opportunities facing these professionals today? In this article, we propose to analyze the needs of the job market for professionals who opt for a short-term higher education course, focusing on executive secretaries who work remotely in the legal sector. To do this, we used bibliographical research as a method, reviewing concepts and studies on technological courses, qualifications, secretarial work, technology and the job market. The hypothesis raised is that technology has transformed the teaching modality, contributing to the development and qualification of professionals with new skills, speeding up entry into the job market. The specific objectives are: to list the difficulties that professionals face when they have technological training; to discuss the main consequences and opportunities that professionals can find in the job market; and to investigate whether technology is a great ally for qualification and professionalism. The article is divided into three chapters: the first deals with technological training and the difficulties faced by professionals; the second discusses the challenges faced by professionals in the job market; and the third analyzes the relationship between technology, qualifications and professionalism. The justification for the research is based on the importance of the topic for executive secretarial professionals who work or provide services in the legal sector remotely, for science which seeks to understand the transformations in the world of work and for society which benefits from the qualified service of professionals in the area for access to the legal profession and the judiciary.

Nursing performance in monitoring children with autism spectrum disorder

2024-04-26T03:10:03+02:00

Introduction: The motivation for carrying out this study arose from participation in a project about children with autism. An increase in cases of children diagnosed with autism spectrum disorder (ASD) has been reported in several countries. This process raises many questions, from screening methods to the quality of care provided by professionais nurses. General objective: the objective of this study is to describe nursing actions towards children with autism spectrum disorder. Method: This is an integrative review with a qualitative and descriptive approach. To this end, the following databases were used: Latin American and Caribbean Health Sciences Literature Database (LILACS), National Library of Medicine (MEDLINE) and Scientific Electronic Library Online (SciELO). Articles published over a 5-year period were selected. Results: In a sample of 205 articles found. Afterwards, another 76 articles were excluded, as they were not related to the work problem, leaving only 8 articles. Discussion: It was found that nursing is an important vector for progress, towards realizing the right to full social inclusion of children with ASD. Based on the evidence verified through the bibliographies consulted in this study, it can be understood that it is necessary to include children with ASD in public health policies, based on the actions of nursing professionals. Conclusion: Despite significant advances in health policy aimed at people with ASD, the Unified Health System (SUS) still needs to overcome many obstacles, such as budget restrictions, and thus seek to invest more in mental health policies and prioritize community services to the detriment of hospitals and psychiatric health centers.

Challenges and perspectives of artificial Intelligence in the Public Power analysis ’s of competition

2024-04-26T03:33:20+02:00

This article is intended to explain the relationship between the Brazilian Competition Authority and its users. Starting from the centrality of the Administrative Council for Economic Defense (CADE) and the regulation and taxation of the market, we will address the possible applications of artificial intelligence (IA) for competition problems, thus being able to be used for fortifications Your application is antitrust and promotes more just and competitive markets.

The influence of human resources performance indicators on decision making: a study with managers from the Federal District and arround

2024-04-27T15:31:26+02:00

Decision-making, present in people's daily lives, permeates the most dynamic and diverse scenarios, including organizational ones. Thus, as important as decision-making is, performance indicators, also known as KPIs (Key Performance Indicators), provide information and demonstrate the measurement of results to businesses. Both topics are explored in the study in question through bibliographic research and statistical regression analyses, aiming to explain the influence of indicators on decision-making. The study involved conducting a survey with the participation of 432 private sector managers from the Federal District and surrounding areas, who provided information about their socioeconomic profile, the main characteristics of decision-making profiles, and their interaction with the theme: human resources performance indicators. Through statistical tests, it was found that there is no explanatory model for what was investigated, indicating that there is no significant influence regarding the use of human resources performance indicators on the decision-making of managers in private organizations in the Federal District and surrounding areas. The study expands possibilities for new research agendas that seek relationships with the variables used and their replicability in other scenarios, as well as encouraging organizations to work on the respective theme.

Legal adaptations in family law: new family configurations

2024-04-29T15:50:22+02:00

The Draft Bill (PL) No. 5,167/2009 proposes a restrictive definition of family, limiting it to the union between a man and a woman and excluding other family forms, such as same-sex unions. This proposal conflicts with the decision of the Supreme Federal Court (STF) in Direct Actions of Unconstitutionality (ADI) No. 4,277 and in the Request for Compliance with Fundamental Precept (ADPF) No. 132, which recognized same-sex stable unions as family entities. The Draft Bill, still under consideration, sparks debates about its constitutionality and the possible impacts on contemporary family configurations. While its proponents argue for the preservation of traditional family values, its critics point to the proposal's unconstitutionality and its contradiction with advances in STF jurisprudence. The critical analysis of the Draft Bill in light of the STF decisions aims to identify possible normative conflicts and implications for the rights of new family configurations. The research combines bibliographic analysis and comparison between the Draft Bill and the STF decisions, aiming to offer a comprehensive view of the legal and social challenges involved in the possible approval of the bill and highlight the importance of inclusive and updated legislation for the protection and recognition of diverse forms of family in contemporary society.

Barriers to access to health in primary care: between coping and overcoming

2024-04-30T16:38:22+02:00

This article presents access to health services and the relationship between users and Family nurse practicioners. In addition, it allows reflection on how geographical, financial, informational and organizational barriers can hinder or obstruct the use of health services. Thus, the objective was to analyze the barriers to access to health present in Primary Health Care (PHC) and discuss how to cope with them. This is a qualitative, exploratory and descriptive study. with the use of online semi-structured individual interview carried out in 2021 and thematic analysis. The results highlighted financial, informational, and organizational barriers. Home visits, teleconsultation, reorganization of the health service and taking advantage of the user's presence in the unit were the ways to cope with the access barriers found. It is concluded that the present study represents a possibility to face the barriers of access in PHC, aiming at the organization of the work process of the teams and the management. Thus, the comprehension of the expanded reality of the community that accesses (or not) PHC is as important as the uniqueness of each user that prevents them from accessing the health service.

Pharmacotherapeutic monitoring of nivolumab use in patientes with lung cancer

2024-04-30T20:15:46+02:00

Cancer is a pathology that can develop in the body through the abnormal and disordered growth of cells. Lung cancer is among the most feared types of cancer, affecting both men and women. The use of nivolumab in antineoplastic therapy is of great importance, as this drug is effective against several neoplasms, including kidney and lung neoplasms, melanoma, among others. This is because nivolumab works by reducing T cell anergy in relation to neoplastic antigens. However, this drug has certain side effects, which may result in poor adherence to treatment. This is an integrative literature review (RIL). 16 articles were found that met the inclusion and exclusion criteria. It is concluded that the participation of the pharmacist interacting with the multidisciplinary team in the oncology sector is of paramount importance. Since this health professional contributes numerous advantages to patients, whether in the selection of drugs, analysis of prescriptions, pharmacotherapeutic monitoring and adherence to pharmacological treatment, in drug interactions, improving the relationship between patient and pharmacist. In this way, minimizing prescription errors and monitoring the lung cancer patient during her treatment, avoiding the appearance of adverse effects and therapeutic failures.

The effectiveness of Article 147-B of the Brazilian Penal Code in protecting against psychological violence

2024-04-30T21:07:00+02:00

The implementation of the Maria da Penha Law in 2006 brought advancements in protection against domestic violence, but psychological violence remains a gap. Article 147-B of the Brazilian Penal Code attempts to address this issue by specifically criminalizing this form of aggression against women. However, its effectiveness and applicability are questioned. This article analyzes the repercussions of psychological violence in legislation and compares it with physical injury. It questions whether Article 147-B is a self-consuming criminal type, as the lack of inclusion of psychological violence as physical injury affects the protection of victims and the applicability of the law. The study aims to facilitate the inclusion of psychological violence as a form of physical injury, highlighting its importance in reflecting a comprehensive understanding of human integrity damages and ensuring effective legal protection for victims.

Early recognition of perioperative anaphylaxis: importance and challenges

2024-05-06T15:24:08+02:00

Introduction: Perioperative Anaphylaxis (PA) is a systemic reaction that occurs during anesthesia, a few minutes after intravenous induction. In this sense, it is estimated that there is significant underreporting regarding its occurrence and, therefore, it implies limited preparation of anesthesiologists involved in the surgical environment, with regard to early recognition of AP. Objective: to expose the challenges involved in the early perception of perioperative anaphylaxis. Methodology: integrative review carried out through the LILACS, SciELO, VHL, Embase and Cochrane Library databases, in October 2023, of articles from the period 2003-2023. The search for studies was carried out in English using the following descriptors: "perioperative anaphylaxis" AND "diagnosis" AND "handling". 43 articles were found, 18 of which were selected for full reading and, of these, 14 were excluded after qualitative analysis and 4 were included in this review. Data screening and eligibility were carried out by three reviewers to ensure the accurate extraction of the information necessary to compose this article. Results: Even with the development of technology today, in relation to Perioperative Anaphylaxis there are many limitations in early diagnosis and intervention, resulting in outcomes with worse prognoses for patients, as was analyzed when reading the articles involved in this review. Conclusion: Therefore, it is worth highlighting the importance of healthcare professionals being aware of clinical signs that indicate the occurrence of perioperative anaphylaxis, in order to act at an opportune moment to improve the patient's outcome.

Effective communication strategies to raise awareness about the importance of HPV vaccination

2024-05-09T20:53:43+02:00

Introduction: Human Papillomavirus (HPV) represents a specific portion of cervical cancer cases, and vaccination plays a crucial role in preventing infection. Vaccination is one of the main prevention strategies for this cancer, however, challenges persist in expanding vaccination coverage across the country. Although vaccination is the main form of prevention against HPV, low adherence is still a problem in many countries. Objective: to investigate the background of effective communication strategies to raise awareness about the importance of HPV vaccination. Method: systematic review, with articles from 2019 to 2024. Results: advertising campaigns proposed to be effective with regard to information, motivation, ease, awareness and attitude of women. 85 published scientific works were found; 65 were excluded for presenting duplicate articles; 20 works met the inclusion criteria for reading the abstracts and 10 met the criteria for preparing the discussions. Discussion: In addition to reducing obstacles and barriers to adhering to the cytopathological examination and also about the importance of the vaccine against the Human Papillomavirus. several strategies are practical: lectures/verbal communication, educational videos, printed materials, television, radio, newspapers and home visits, as an educational strategy. Conclusion: going deeper into the nurses' strategies showed vaccination campaigns against HPV, and the correct understanding of forms of prevention. knowledge on the subject significantly increases adherence to the Pap smear; educational strategies in addition to reducing obstacles to cytopathological examination and the great importance of the human papillomavirus vaccine.

Recognition of socio-affective post-mortem filiation

2024-05-13T16:26:22+02:00

In the context of contemporary family law, affection plays an important role, especially with the appreciation of human dignity as a constitutional principle. In this scenario, the possibility of parenthood based on affective ties is recognized, going beyond biological kinship. However, proving socio-affective parenting becomes more complex when one of the parties involved in the relationship dies. The aim of this research is therefore to verify the legal possibilities of declaring socio-affective kinship post-mortem. To this end, the method applied will be the theoretical deductive approach and the methodology of legal research, through bibliographic and documentary analysis, in specialized doctrines, scientific articles, legislation and jurisprudence. The conclusion is that, based on an analysis of the case law of the Superior Court of Justice and other courts in the country, once the legal requirements that are used to recognize socio-affective paternity during life have been demonstrated, it is possible to recognize and equalize the legal effects in situations that discuss socio-affective filiation after death.

Inversion of the interrogation of the accused in the rite of law 11.343/2006 in light of the principle of contradictory and broad defense

2024-05-13T23:26:38+02:00

This dissertation deals with the Reversal of The Questioning of The Accused in The Rite of Law 11.343/2006 In the Light of The Contradictory Principle And Full Defense. The study investigates whether the questioning of the accused as provided for in article 57 of the drug law violates the principles of adversarial and full defense, using the deductive method to examine whether it will be applied the way provided for in article 57 of the drug law where the questioning is the first act of instruction or article 400 of the code of criminal procedure as the last act. The results show that the interrogation of the accused must be the last of the instruction as provided in the code of criminal procedure in its article 400. It is concluded that the form provided for in article 400 of the code of criminal procedure, being the interrogation at the end of the instruction, is more harmonious and ensures greater effectiveness of the principles of the contradictory and full defense, assured in the constitution of the federative republic of Brazil of 1988 as decided by the Supreme Court in Habeas Corpus no. 127.900 - Amazonas.

Challenges for the protection of freedom of expression rights in the face of hate speech: a human rights analysis

2024-05-15T00:48:35+02:00

The central theme of this work is an analysis of the right to freedom of expression enshrined in the Brazilian Federal Constitution in the face of hate speech on digital platforms. This study was guided by the general objective of demonstrating that freedom of expression is a fundamental right, but not an absolute one, which must be exercised within the limits of the law and respect for the rights of other individuals. It became clear that freedom of expression can be used as a justification for the dissemination of hate speech, which represents a threat to social cohesion and individual rights. The methodology used was legal research, of an exploratory nature, bibliographical and documentary, with qualitative analysis, considering that doctrinal and jurisprudential understandings were observed about the right to freedom of expression in the face of hate speech on digital platforms, whose method of theoretical approach was deductive. The methodology adopted was based on the legal approach, with the aim of achieving the objectives through deductive research, considering doctrinal analysis. To this end, the study used an exploratory approach, which included consulting bibliographies, doctrines and documents such as legislation and case law. In addition, this research incorporated qualitative elements in its quest to understand the standards of freedom of expression in relation to speeches.

The illegality of convictions based exclusively on evidence from the investigative phase: violation of the principles of full defense and adversarial process by a ratified police statement

2024-05-16T20:00:09+02:00

The present study addresses the violation of the principles of adversarial proceedings, full defense, and due process by a police witness who merely corroborates the testimony given during the police investigation in court hearings. Its general objective is to verify whether police testimony, given in a generic manner, read aloud, or corroborated during a hearing, violates the principles of adversarial proceedings, full defense, and due process. To achieve this aim, the study will delve into the principles of adversarial proceedings, full defense, due process, and reasoned conviction. Additionally, a comparison will be made between these principles and the provisions of articles 155 and 204 of the Criminal Procedure Code, in order to ascertain whether testimony read aloud or corroborated by police officers during a hearing can be considered as evidence for criminal conviction. This study will be conducted through bibliographical research, involving an examination of the Criminal Procedure Code with a focus on articles 155 and 204, the Federal Constitution, legal doctrines, case law, international treaties, and similar sources. As a result, legal doctrines and case law consistently maintain that testimony read aloud or corroborated cannot serve as evidence for criminal conviction, as doing so would violate due process and full defense principles

Nursing care for elderly women in primary health care: an integrative review of the literature

2024-05-16T21:24:30+02:00

Introduction: This article addresses the challenges and perspectives in the health of elderly women amid demographic transformation through nursing care. Furthermore, gender inequalities persist into old age, affecting the well-being and resources available to women. These approaches aim to improve quality of life, promoting holistic and personalized health for senile women in a dynamic demographic context. General objective: To analyze the main evidence of nursing care in primary care for elderly women. Method: Secondary listening of the literature review type, with a qualitative approach based on categorical content analysis. A survey of the topic was carried out in the SCIELO, PUBMED and LILACS databases using the descriptors “elderly”, “woman” and “health”, together with the use of filters to select review articles published between the years 2019 to 2023, totaling 1,781 articles found. The inclusion criteria used were: articles published in Portuguese, English and Spanish. The exclusion criteria were: articles that were not available in full, repeated in the databases and that did not correspond to the central theme of the study. Results: In this same context, it is worth reflecting on the health of elderly women, with comorbidities, continuous use of medications, decreased consciousness, depressed symptoms and their sexuality. Discussion: In view of the articles analyzed, it was found that the most common actions in primary care, with emphasis on the elderly groups, were bodily activities, followed by psychological support and health education. In addition, there is a need for greater institutional investment in continuing education actions for nursing professionals, so that good care practices are implemented in the prevention, staging and management of diseases related to the elderly. Nursing plays a fundamental role in the prevention and tracking of symptoms and clinical signs, as these are in more direct contact with patients, and can prevent the disease from setting in when care is offered early.Conclusion: Based on the results found, we can see the importance of nursing care in health education as a tool for autonomy and as a search for self-care for elderly women.

Music therapy approach in the social rehabilitation of patients with autism spectrum disorder

2024-05-17T14:17:16+02:00

Introduction: Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD) affects learning, communication, and social interaction throughout life, with a global prevalence of one in every 160 children, diagnosed by the DSM-V. The etiology involves genetic, environmental, and biological factors. Music serves as an essential tool in nonverbal communication for individuals with ASD, facilitating emotional and interpersonal connections. Music therapy stimulates cognitive, emotional, and social skills, with benefits to physical, mental, and emotional health, promoting interpersonal relationships and emotional control. Studies indicate its fundamental role in promoting mental health and social reintegration of individuals with ASD. Objective: To investigate the impact of music therapy on the social rehabilitation of patients with ASD, examining its effects on mental health, socioemotional development, and societal reintegration. Methodology: Based on scientific articles published in the last five years. Forty-five articles on the topic were identified from various academic sources, with 37 articles excluded after analysis. Finally, eight articles were selected for systematic review. Results: It is emphasized that, in light of the analyses of the listed studies, methodological challenges and knowledge gaps persist, requiring continuous attention from the scientific community. The need for studies with robust designs, diversified samples, and objective measures of efficacy remains evident, as highlighted by several authors. Conclusion: It is emphasized that, although music therapy represents an important therapeutic intervention for individuals with ASD, continuous advancement in scientific knowledge and clinical practice is necessary to optimize its impact and reach in the social rehabilitation of these patients.

The strategic role of the holding company in succession planning: mitigating the challenges of invalidity and ensuring business continuity

2024-05-17T14:29:11+02:00

The holding company has become an important tool for those who want to plan the succession of assets or companies. This article aims, in addition to observing the process of creating a family or asset holding company as the main tool in succession planning, analyzing its tax advantages and reducing conflicts and protecting assets, it will also address which causes can invalidate the effects of this type of company. The holding mechanism's main purpose is to resolve the impacts of an unplanned succession that carries with its family conflicts, high tax burdens and slow implementation, whatever the will. The holding as a tool in succession planning has demonstrated efficiency in its main objective, when, through qualified professionals, it is carried out in a well-structured way, analyzing each case individually and outlining the objectives to be achieved by those who plan. Finally, we observed that holders of assets and companies have used this means for fraudulent purposes, which can leave the validation of holdings with a weakened nature, leaving no other consequence, namely the invalidation of their effects. In this study, bibliographic and documentary research was used as a methodology, analyzing academic articles, jurisprudence, doctrines, and legal texts of the Brazilian legal system. In general, this article explains succession planning, the holding company as a tool in this process and the causes that may invalidate its creation. Despite the importance of this mechanism, which has become a relevant tool in the business and family environment, the work also points out the possible problems inherent to this modality used in succession planning, such as fraud against creditors and execution fraud, and seeks to respond in which situations the use of this tool can be considered illicit, leading to the recognition of its total invalidity when its purpose is diverted.

Divergences between decisions of TJTO and STF: an analysis on the quantity of drugs for trafficking and personal use based on minister Alexandre de Moraes' vote

2024-05-17T14:46:00+02:00

The divergent decisions issued by the Court of Justice of Tocantins (TJ-TO) and the Supreme Federal Court (STF) regarding the quantity of drugs for trafficking and personal use constitute a topic of extreme relevance in the current Brazilian legal scenario. This is because the various interpretations arise from the lack of clear and objective parameters concerning quantities for trafficking and personal use, which has led to different understandings in the courts for individuals in similar situations. Aspiring for a more specific understanding of the topic, the research utilized the deductive and qualitative method, aiming to map specific cases, as well as to analyze the arguments presented by Minister Alexandre de Moraes in his vote issued at the STF regarding the quantity for trafficking and personal use and the grounds used by the TJ-TO to render its decisions. In light of the study undertaken, it is concluded that there is a tendency of the Supreme Federal Court to reclassify the conduct from drug trafficking to personal use, especially when it involves minimal quantities. This inclination is based on the arguments of Minister Alexandre de Moraes, who considers not only the small amount seized but also other elements that characterize trafficking. However, at the TJ-TO, a range of approaches is observed regarding the interpretation of the quantity of drugs, which is sometimes guided by the arguments raised by Minister Alexandre de Moraes and sometimes disregarded, indicating that, despite the importance of the guidelines established by the STF, the interpretation and application of anti-drug legislation at the state level are influenced by various factors

Tax Planning in the Use of Rural Holdings: Fiscal Efficiency and Legal Limits

2024-05-17T19:12:23+02:00

This article aims to assert that the rural holding, which is part of the field of business and tax law, can benefit from advantages and benefits proportional to the use of the holding, where the defined limits ensure the legitimacy of this corporate structure that is used in rural tax planning. In pursuit of fiscal efficiency within the legality of the law through tax avoidance, to amortize the tax burden. The Rural Holding is a legal structure created to manage the assets of the rural producer and their businesses, with the Holding structure widely used for succession and tax management purposes, which provides various benefits to rural producers such as optimizing management. In the same vein, the agribusiness holding aims at the rural family's heritage, using the legal entity. The main function of this legal representative is to manage the rural activities of this family broadly, especially concerning its assets. Thus, we have the patrimonial, which is the main objective of the holding in managing assets and investments, the family holding aims at managing and continuing the family's businesses. Therefore, this article aims to identify the purposes of establishing a rural holding in pursuit of fiscal efficiency within legal limits, aiming at its benefits.

The possibility of prison privatization as a solution to overcrowding issues

2024-05-17T19:22:12+02:00

This article addresses the possibility of privatizing prisons as a solution to overcrowding problems. The privatization of prisons is controversial, as there are arguments for and against its implementation. This work portrays the current conditions of Brazilian prisons, which are overcrowded, and demonstrates how the privatization of prisons can be an effective solution to overcrowding problems and what the potential positive and negative impacts of this approach are. Therefore, the general objective of the article is to verify the potential impacts of prison privatization and its viability as a true solution to overcrowding problems. The hypothetical-deductive method was used to write the work, according to the literature review methodology. The impact of the privatization of prisons on penitentiary management and on solving the problems of overcrowding, security and resocialization of inmates would be the main research problem of the work. It also highlights the fact that the privatization of prisons is a complicated issue, with a series of opportunities and challenges. The results show that, to deal with this situation, policies and actions must be developed that seek solutions to improve conditions in detention facilities and ensure the health and rights of those confined there. Throughout this study, several aspects were explored and it is necessary to understand the potential impacts of this approach on prison management and society as a whole.

Immaterial abandonment of ascendants as a possible cause of succession exclusion

2024-05-17T20:01:39+02:00

This article addresses the theme of emotional neglect of ascendants as a possible cause of succession exclusion, since traditionally, legislation has prioritized patrimonial criteria to determine hereditary succession. Therefore, the issue arises from the absence of an explicit legal provision for the subject in question, raising the following question: which legal instruments are capable of recognizing and interpreting emotional neglect, particularly the affective abandonment of descendants towards ascendants as a possible cause of disinheritance? The methodology includes a review of specialized literature, analysis of relevant jurisprudential cases, and reflection on the fundamental principles of Family and Succession Law. By integrating these elements, the article aims to contribute to a more comprehensive and sensitive understanding of family and succession relations, promoting a more inclusive and fair approach in the context of Brazilian Law.

Application of the criminal non-prosecution agreement (ANPP) in privileged drug trafficking: possibilities and limits

2024-05-18T01:04:43+02:00

This work examines the application of the Criminal Non-Prosecution Agreement (ANPP) in cases of privileged drug trafficking, as provided for in paragraph 4 of article 33 of Law nº 11,343/2006. Through a comprehensive analysis, differences of opinion among jurists regarding the use of the ANPP in this context are investigated, considering legislative interpretations and recent court decisions. The research method adopted includes bibliographic review, case law analysis and legislative interpretation. While some defend its viability, as long as the particularities of each case are observed, others question its suitability given the seriousness of the crime. It is noteworthy that the anti-crime package definitively removed the heinous nature of privileged trafficking. The study also addresses the absence of mention of the ANPP in article 28-A of the Criminal Procedure Code, which raises questions about the possibility of its application in cases of privileged trafficking. Among the contrasting perspectives, some experts argue that the ANPP is not suitable for drug trafficking, as it does not guarantee the criminal effectiveness necessary to combat organized crime and dedication to criminal activity. On the other hand, there are jurists who defend its application, highlighting its inclusion in the legal system. Drug trafficking and the possibility of applying the Criminal Non-Prosecution Agreement (ANPP) are topics debated in legal doctrine. It is concluded that the effectiveness of the ANPP in cases of privileged drug trafficking is controversial and requires individual analysis. The difficulties in immediately applying the penalty reduction for the ANPP proposition are highlighted, as well as the importance of supporting evidence in the procedural phase.

The impacts caused on the brazilian criminal procedure system with abuse of authority committed by representatives of the judicial power

2024-05-18T21:08:45+02:00

Abuse of authority committed by representatives of the judiciary is a growing concern in Brazil, raising debates about its impacts on the criminal procedural system. This study aims to analyze these impacts and their consequences. This work seeks to investigate how abuse of authority affects the Brazilian criminal procedural system, examining its ramifications and implications for justice and the individual rights of citizens. This work is based on a bibliographical review, analyzing academic texts, jurisprudence and relevant legislation to understand the nuances of abuse of authority and its implications in the context of the Brazilian criminal procedural system. The results highlight that abuse of authority compromises the impartiality, equity and efficiency of the criminal process, undermining public confidence in justice and violating the fundamental rights of the accused. It is concluded that abuse of authority represents a serious threat to the rule of law and democracy, requiring effective measures to prevent and punish such conduct, in order to preserve the integrity and legitimacy of the Brazilian criminal procedural system.

The Role of the Physiotherapist in Children with Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD)

2024-05-18T21:30:30+02:00

Introduction: The present thesis revolves around the central theme of "The role of the physiotherapist in children with Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD) - ASD". Autism, or Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD), is a neurological condition that affects a child's ability to communicate and socially interact. Characterized by a wide range of symptoms and levels of disability, ASD can significantly impact the quality of life of the child and their family. Objective: The aim of this study is to investigate the role of the physiotherapist in the treatment of children with ASD. Methodology: Physiotherapy, as a therapeutic intervention, can play a crucial role in improving the motor skills, coordination, and physical strength of these children. Additionally, it can contribute to reducing the repetitive and restrictive behaviors often observed in individuals with ASD. Results: The findings have significant implications for clinical practice, providing guidance to physiotherapists on how to enhance the effectiveness of their interventions for children with ASD. Furthermore, the study contributes to the academic literature on the subject by addressing existing uncertainties regarding the role of physiotherapy in the treatment of autism. Conclusion: Physiotherapy, as a therapeutic intervention, can play a crucial role in improving the motor skills, coordination, and physical strength of children with ASD. Additionally, it can contribute to reducing the repetitive and restrictive behaviors often observed in individuals with ASD.

The role of the physiotherapist in the prevention and treatment of urinary incontinence

2024-05-20T00:06:35+02:00

Introduction: This undergraduate thesis aims to conduct a literature review on the role of physiotherapists in the treatment and prevention of postpartum urinary incontinence, a problem that significantly affects women's quality of life. Postpartum urinary incontinence is a common and often overlooked condition that can have significant psychological and social consequences. Physiotherapy is a potentially effective intervention to prevent and treat this condition, but current evidence is limited and not well established. Objective: This study seeks to analyze the contribution of physiotherapy in the prevention and treatment of postpartum urinary incontinence. Methodology: To do so, studies investigating the efficacy of different physiotherapy approaches, including pelvic floor exercises, biofeedback, and electrical stimulation, will be reviewed. Results: They indicated that those who received treatments focused on pelvic floor strengthening, compared to those who did not have access to physiotherapy, experienced a significant reduction in the incidence of this problem among women. Conclusion: Furthermore, it may contribute to the development of evidence-based clinical guidelines for the prevention and treatment of postpartum urinary incontinence.

The unconstitutionality of progressive taxation on the use of solar energy under Law no. 14,300

2024-05-20T01:28:28+02:00

The aim of this article is to analyze and discuss how progressive taxation will impact the cost of solar energy, and how incentives for the adoption of solar energy and tax equity will provide access and opportunities not only for the private and governmental sectors but also for low-income families. With the increasing use of fossil fuels and the consequent release of emissions into the atmosphere, there is a growing need for the production of clean and sustainable energy that minimizes environmental impact and utilizes affordable raw materials for production. In this quest for a solution, solar energy, generated through silicon-based photovoltaic panels, has emerged as the most viable option. However, the progressive taxation, known as the “solar tax,” established by law 14.300/2022, poses a significant challenge by increasing labor and acquisition costs. The methodology chosen for this study was a literature review, sourcing academic materials from Google Scholar.