A eficácia da denervação renal na hipertensão arterial sistêmica: uma revisão de literatura
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.55892/jrg.v9i20.2953Palavras-chave:
hipertensão, tratamento, denervação renal, eficáciaResumo
A hipertensão arterial sistêmica (HAS) constitui um relevante problema de saúde pública global, com elevada prevalência e impactos significativos na morbimortalidade e nos custos socioeconômicos. Apesar das opções terapêuticas convencionais, parcela expressiva de pacientes permanece com níveis pressóricos não controlados, caracterizando a hipertensão arterial resistente. Nesse contexto, a denervação renal (DNR) tem emergido como uma alternativa terapêutica minimamente invasiva, baseada na interrupção da inervação simpática renal, visando à redução sustentada da pressão arterial. Este artigo objetiva avaliar criticamente a eficácia da DNR como estratégia inovadora para o manejo da HAS, por meio de uma revisão integrativa da literatura recente. Foram consultadas as bases PubMed, SciELO, Cochrane, Medline e LILACS, incluindo estudos publicados entre 2020 e 2025. Os achados evidenciam que a DNR promove reduções significativas e duradouras da pressão arterial, com perfil de segurança favorável, especialmente em pacientes com baixa adesão medicamentosa ou intolerância aos esquemas convencionais. A eficácia do procedimento foi confirmada em ensaios clínicos meticulosos e sua aplicabilidade em contextos de baixa e média renda é promissora. Contudo, sua adoção clínica requer critérios rigorosos de elegibilidade, avaliação individualizada e infraestrutura especializada. Conclui-se que a DNR representa uma estratégia potencialmente transformadora no tratamento da HAS, demandando, contudo, maior padronização técnica, estudos de custo-efetividade e integração com políticas de saúde pública.
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