Harm reduction as an expression of citizenship: an analysis in light of the ethical-political project of brazilian social work

Abstract

This article presents an exploratory bibliographic study that analyzes the relationship between Harm Reduction policy and the concept of citizenship, from the perspective of the Ethical-Political Project of Brazilian Social Work. The study is based on the analysis of academic publications, legislation, professional guidelines, and the author’s professional experience as a social work resident in mental health services. It aims to understand how Harm Reduction is configured as an expression of citizenship, in alignment with the ethical and political principles of the profession. Initially, the historical trajectory and foundational principles of Harm Reduction as a public health strategy are discussed, as well as the core elements of the Ethical-Political Project of Social Work. Subsequently, the study establishes a correlation between these fields, addressing the central research question. The findings reveal: a scarcity of studies that articulate Harm Reduction and Social Work from an intersectional perspective; a predominance of experience-based reports in the field; the need for deeper theoretical and critical reflection within the profession; and ongoing challenges related to the dominance of moralistic and prohibitionist approaches in drug policies. It is concluded that Harm Reduction constitutes a care strategy that promotes citizenship among people who use psychoactive substances and aligns with the Ethical-Political Project of Social Work, particularly regarding the defense of rights, autonomy, and the construction of a new social order.