Occupational exposure to arc welding radiation and risk of eye disorders in the metallurgical sector: An epidemiological study in metallurgical workshops in Quito
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.55892/jrg.v9i20.3183Keywords:
Arc welding, Eye disorders, Occupational health, Welding work, Welding hazardsAbstract
Occupational exposure to arc welding radiation poses a risk to the eye and vision health of metallurgical welders, especially when there are deficiencies in knowledge, training, and proper use of personal protective equipment (PPE). This study aimed to determine the risk of eye disorders related to welding radiation exposure in the metallurgical sector. The study employed an observational, descriptive-correlational, cross-sectional, and field design with 43 workers from metallurgical workshops in Quito, Ecuador. Epidemiological data were obtained through an adaptation of the Survey on Working Conditions and Health in Latin America, using 19 items to determine occupational risk factors. An optometric clinical evaluation was also performed to assess the eye and vision health of the workers. The results revealed that exposure to welding radiation increases the risk of eye disorders, particularly when personal protective equipment (PPE) is used incorrectly or not at all. This leaves workers exposed to radiation that induces pathologies such as blepharitis, conjunctivitis, pinguecula, pterygium, and dry eye. It can be concluded that welding radiation has a clear association with harmful alterations in ocular anatomy and the tear film, a risk resulting from frequent exposure. This underscores the importance of considering this variable when implementing more effective preventive measures in welding workshops to minimize long-term damage.
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