Physiotherapeutic intervention in the treatment of gluteal muscle dysfunctions associated with lateral ankle sprain

Abstract

Introduction: Lateral ankle sprains are among the most prevalent musculoskeletal injuries, especially in physically active individuals, and can progress to chronic instability and significant functional deficits. In this context, alterations in the gluteal musculature, mainly in the gluteus medius and maximus, have been associated with biomechanical imbalances that compromise the neuromuscular control of the lower limb. Objective: To analyze the effectiveness of physiotherapy in the treatment of gluteal dysfunctions associated with ankle sprains. Methodology: This is an integrative literature review, with searches in the PubMed, PEDro, and BVS databases, including studies published between 2021 and February 2026. Randomized clinical trials and observational studies addressing physiotherapeutic interventions related to the gluteal musculature in individuals with ankle sprains were included. Results: Ten studies were selected, predominantly randomized clinical trials. The interventions analyzed included muscle strengthening, balance training, motor control, aquatic physiotherapy, and telerehabilitation. Overall, significant improvements were observed in muscle strength, proprioception, balance, and functionality. Combined interventions demonstrated greater effectiveness, and aquatic physiotherapy stood out in reducing pain and improving function in the initial phases. Discussion:The findings reinforce the importance of a holistic approach in rehabilitation, considering the kinetic chain. Activation and strengthening of the gluteal muscles contribute to lower limb stability, being fundamental in preventing recurrence and optimizing functional performance. Conclusion: The physiotherapeutic approach to the gluteal complex is fundamental to restoring the biomechanics of the lower limb, being an indispensable component in the rehabilitation and prevention of new ankle injuries.